Department of Oncology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated of Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200081, China; Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow 215004, China.
Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200070, China.
J Sport Health Sci. 2021 Mar;10(2):201-210. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.07.008. Epub 2020 Jul 30.
Exercise can enhance motivation to change lifestyle behaviors, improve aerobic fitness, improve physical function, control fatigue, and enhance quality of life. Studies have demonstrated the benefits to be gained from physical exercise, highlighting the importance of popularizing the concept of physical exercise for individuals and making professional exercise-treatment programs available to patients with cancer. However, the correlation between physical exercise and carcinogenesis is easily overlooked, and exercise interventions are not routinely provided to patients with cancer, especially those with advanced cancer. In this article, we present a literature review of the effects of exercise on cancer development and progression and give recent evidence for the type of exercise best suited for different types of cancer and in different disease stages. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms about regulating metabolism and systemic immune function in cancer are summarized and discussed. In conclusion, physical exercise should be considered as an important intervention for preventing and treating cancer and its complications.
运动可以增强改变生活方式行为的动力，提高有氧运动能力，改善身体功能，控制疲劳，提高生活质量。研究表明，体育锻炼有很多益处，这突出了普及体育锻炼理念的重要性，为癌症患者提供专业的运动治疗方案。然而，运动与致癌之间的相关性很容易被忽视，癌症患者，尤其是晚期癌症患者，通常无法获得运动干预。本文综述了运动对癌症发生和发展的影响，并为不同类型癌症和不同疾病阶段的最佳运动类型提供了最新证据。此外，还总结和讨论了调节癌症代谢和全身免疫功能的分子机制。总之，应该将体育锻炼视为预防和治疗癌症及其并发症的重要干预措施。
