Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Central Environmental Laboratory (GR-CEL), Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Key Laboratory for Earth Surface and Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Nov 25;745:141131. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141131. Epub 2020 Jul 22.
The distribution, partitioning behavior and risk assessment of phthalate esters (PAEs) in the surface sediment-pore water system of the Haihe River were investigated. The total cumulative concentrations of 21 PAE species (ΣPAEs) in the surface sediment ranged from 45.9 to 1474.1 ng·g dry weight (dw) and were from 17.9 to 2628.8 ng·mL in the pore water. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) were the dominant components, and their sum accounted, on average, for 88.4% and 72.0% of ΣPAEs in the surface sediment and pore water, respectively. The spatial distributions of ΣPAEs in the surface sediment and pore water indicated that large amounts of the consumed products contained plasticizers in the urban and nearshore areas and increased the discharge of PAEs into the Haihe River. The river dam also affected PAEs distributions. The organic carbon normalized partitioning coefficient (logK) followed a sequence as dry season (2.47 ± 0.35 mL·g) > wet season (2.02 ± 0.45 mL·g) > normal season (1.98 ± 0.42 mL·g). The risk quotient (RQ) method was employed to assess the potential ecological risk from specific species. High ecological risks of DEHP to the sensitive algae, crustacean, and fish species along with high ecological risks of DIBP to sensitive fish species were found in the surface sediment and pore water for all sampling seasons. In addition, DBP in the surface sediment and pore water exhibited moderate and high ecological risks to sensitive aquatic species. The highest RQ values for PAEs were found in the surface sediment and pore water in suburban and urban areas, respectively, and indicated that anthropogenic activities may cause severe river pollution and high risk to the local aquatic ecosystem. CAPSULE: High levels and ecological risks from PAEs were found in the urban river, and the partitioning behaviors of PAEs between the surface sediment and pore water were not significantly affected by their hydrophobicity, especially for species with low K.
调查了海河表层沉积物-孔隙水中邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的分布、分配行为和风险评估。表层沉积物中 21 种 PAEs （ΣPAEs）的总累积浓度范围为 45.9 至 1474.1ng·g 干重（dw），孔隙水中为 17.9 至 2628.8ng·mL。邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）和邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DIBP）是主要成分，它们的总和分别占表层沉积物和孔隙水中 ΣPAEs 的 88.4%和 72.0%。表层沉积物和孔隙水中 ΣPAEs 的空间分布表明，大量消费产品中含有增塑剂，这些增塑剂来自城市和近岸地区，增加了 PAEs 排入海河的排放量。河坝也影响了 PAEs 的分布。有机碳归一化分配系数（logK）的顺序为旱季（2.47±0.35mL·g）>雨季（2.02±0.45mL·g）>正常季（1.98±0.42mL·g）。风险商（RQ）法被用来评估特定物种的潜在生态风险。在所有采样季节，表层沉积物和孔隙水中 DEHP 对敏感藻类、甲壳类和鱼类，以及 DIBP 对敏感鱼类的生态风险均较高。此外，DBP 在表层沉积物和孔隙水中对敏感水生物种具有中度和高度的生态风险。在郊区和城市地区的表层沉积物和孔隙水中，PAEs 的 RQ 值最高，表明人为活动可能导致严重的河流污染和对当地水生生态系统的高风险。结论：在城市河流中发现了高浓度和高生态风险的 PAEs，PAEs 在表层沉积物和孔隙水中的分配行为不受其疏水性的显著影响，特别是对于疏水性低的物质。
