Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Aug 25;836:155677. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155677. Epub 2022 May 4.
Spatiotemporal variation, potential sources, and risk assessment of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in surface water of the Yangtze River Basin were investigated. Total cumulative concentrations of 15 PAEs (ΣPAEs) ranged from 1594.47 ng·L to 5155.50 ng·L, and the dominant components were di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) (35.9-60.1%), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) (16.6-38.8%), and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) (6.7-18.2%). ΣPAEs in surface water showed a trend of normal season > wet season > dry season. ΣPAEs increased from the upstream (2341.7 ± 428.5 ng·L) to the mid- and downstream (3892.1 ± 842.8 and 2504.3 ± 355.9 ng·L, respectively), indicating the influence from production and consumptions of plasticizer-containing items. PAEs additives emission from daily necessities (28.9-62.3%) and construction and industrial production (18.7-31.2%) were the dominant sources of PAEs in this study. The risk quotient (RQ) method was employed to assess the potential ecological risk of specific components. High ecological risk of DEHP to the sensitive algae and crustacean, together with moderate ecological risk of DEHP and DIBP to the sensitive fish species were found in surface water regardless of the region and season. The spatial distribution of RQ values showed an increasing trend from the upstream to the midstream and downstream of the Yangtze River, indicating the influences from regional urbanization and industrialization levels.
本研究调查了长江流域地表水中邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的时空变化、潜在来源和风险评估。15 种 PAEs 的总累积浓度（ΣPAEs）范围为 1594.47 ng·L 至 5155.50 ng·L，主要成分是邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）（35.9-60.1%）、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）（16.6-38.8%）和邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DIBP）（6.7-18.2%）。地表水中的ΣPAEs 呈现出正常季节>湿季节>干季节的趋势。ΣPAEs 从上游（2341.7 ± 428.5 ng·L）增加到中下游（3892.1 ± 842.8 和 2504.3 ± 355.9 ng·L），表明增塑剂含制品生产和消费的影响。来自日用品（28.9-62.3%）和建筑及工业生产（18.7-31.2%）的 PAEs 添加剂排放是本研究中 PAEs 的主要来源。风险商（RQ）法被用来评估特定成分的潜在生态风险。无论在哪个地区和季节，DEHP 对敏感藻类和甲壳类动物具有高生态风险，而 DEHP 和 DIBP 对敏感鱼类具有中等生态风险。RQ 值的空间分布从上游到中游和下游呈增加趋势，表明受区域城市化和工业化水平的影响。
