Zhang Yifei, Li Ting, Yao Rongying, Han Hui, Wu Lu, Wu Xuesen, Gao Huaiquan, Sun Lili, Fu Lianguo
Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2020 Jul 10;13:555-562. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S242645. eCollection 2020.
Body-image dissatisfaction among children and adolescent has become increasingly serious, and may be the result of staged differences in the puberty-development process. The aim of this study was to compare differences in body-image dissatisfaction among children and adolescents at different pubertal stages.
A total of 574 students aged 8-15 years were recruited from two nine-year schools via stratified cluster sampling, their secondary sex characteristics and external genital development examined, and body-image cognition surveyed using the teenage body-image annoyance questionnaire. This questionnaire covers body-shape, gender, sexual organ, and appearance dissatisfaction. Lower scores indicate a more negative body image.
Total, gender, and appearance-dissatisfaction scores in girls were significantly lower than in boys (<0.05); however, sexual organ-dissatisfaction scores in girls were significantly higher than in boys (<0.05). Girls' gender-dissatisfaction scores before breast development Tanner II were higher than those after menarche (<0.05); however, girls' sexual organ-dissatisfaction scores before breast development Tanner II were significantly higher than those after menarche (<0.05).
The girls were more dissatisfied with their gender and appearance than the boys, and the boys were more dissatisfied with their sexual organs than the girls. The girls were more dissatisfied with their sexual organs before breast development Tanner II and more dissatisfied with their gender after menarche.
儿童和青少年对身体形象的不满日益严重，这可能是青春期发育过程中阶段性差异的结果。本研究旨在比较不同青春期阶段儿童和青少年身体形象不满的差异。
通过分层整群抽样从两所九年制学校招募了574名8至15岁的学生，检查他们的第二性征和外生殖器发育情况，并使用青少年身体形象烦恼问卷对身体形象认知进行调查。该问卷涵盖身体形状、性别、性器官和外貌不满。得分越低表明身体形象越负面。
女孩的总体、性别和外貌不满得分显著低于男孩（<0.05）；然而，女孩的性器官不满得分显著高于男孩（<0.05）。女孩在坦纳乳房发育二期之前的性别不满得分高于初潮之后（<0.05）；然而，女孩在坦纳乳房发育二期之前的性器官不满得分显著高于初潮之后（<0.05）。
女孩比男孩对自己的性别和外貌更不满意，男孩比女孩对自己的性器官更不满意。女孩在坦纳乳房发育二期之前对自己的性器官更不满意，在初潮之后对自己的性别更不满意。
