Cao Ruiyao, Chen Jiaoyan, Wang Yuanyuan, Peng Xingwang, Han Mei, Liu Keke, Zhang Juan, Yao Rongying, Han Hui, Fu Lianguo
Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jan 4;9:1053055. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1053055. eCollection 2022.
Negative gender cognitive attitudes (disliking one's own gender or wanting to be the opposite gender) and unhealthy eating behaviors have become common in Chinese children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between negative gender attitudes and eating behaviors among Chinese children and adolescents.
Primary and secondary school students aged 8-15 years were selected as participants using a stratified cluster random sampling method. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the participants' negative gender cognitive attitudes. Eating frequency questionnaire was used to investigate participants' eating behaviors. Under the leading reading of standardized training investigators, the questionnaire for children aged 8-15 years was completed by themselves in the form of centralized filling.
A total of 6.5% [43/657, boys: 6.1% (21/347), girls: 7.1% (22/310)] of children disliked their own gender, 8.8% [58/657, boys: 5.5% (19/347), girls: 12.6% (39/310)] of children wanted to be of the opposite gender, and the proportion of girls with negative gender attitudes was higher than that of boys ( < 0.05). Boys who disliked their own gender or wanted to be the opposite gender had higher frequencies of unhealthy eating behaviors and lower frequencies of healthy eating behaviors than boys who liked their own gender or did not want to be the opposite gender ( < 0.05). Girls who disliked their own gender or wanted to be the opposite gender had higher frequencies of protein eating behaviors than girls who liked their own gender or did not want to be the opposite gender ( < 0.05). There was a significant interaction between disliking one's own gender and wanting to be the opposite gender in midnight snack eating among boys ( < 0.05) and in carbonated drink and high protein eating behaviors among girls ( < 0.05).
Boys with negative gender cognitive attitudes express more unhealthy eating behaviors and fewer healthy eating behaviors; girls with negative gender cognitive attitudes exhibit more protein eating behaviors.
消极的性别认知态度（不喜欢自己的性别或想成为相反的性别）和不健康的饮食行为在中国儿童和青少年中已变得普遍。本研究的目的是分析中国儿童和青少年消极性别态度与饮食行为之间的关联。
采用分层整群随机抽样方法选取8至15岁的中小学生作为参与者。使用自行设计的问卷调查参与者的消极性别认知态度。采用饮食频率问卷调查参与者的饮食行为。在经过标准化培训的调查员的带领阅读下，8至15岁儿童的问卷由他们自己以集中填写的形式完成。
共有6.5%[43/657，男孩：6.1%（21/347），女孩：7.1%（22/310）]的儿童不喜欢自己的性别，8.8%[58/657，男孩：5.5%（19/347），女孩：12.6%（39/310）]的儿童想成为相反的性别，且女孩消极性别态度的比例高于男孩（<0.05）。不喜欢自己的性别或想成为相反性别的男孩比喜欢自己的性别或不想成为相反性别的男孩有更高频率的不健康饮食行为和更低频率的健康饮食行为（<0.05）。不喜欢自己的性别或想成为相反性别的女孩比喜欢自己的性别或不想成为相反性别的女孩有更高频率的蛋白质饮食行为（<0.05）。在男孩的夜宵饮食行为中（<0.05）以及女孩的碳酸饮料和高蛋白饮食行为中（<0.05），不喜欢自己的性别和想成为相反的性别之间存在显著的交互作用。
具有消极性别认知态度的男孩表现出更多不健康的饮食行为和更少的健康饮食行为；具有消极性别认知态度的女孩表现出更多的蛋白质饮食行为。
