Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
Front Immunol. 2020 Jul 16;11:1230. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01230. eCollection 2020.
Components of (Mtb) envelope such as lipoproteins, lypoglycans, lipids, and glycolipids act as Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns and/or antigens, hence contributing in different ways to the bacillus recognition, phagocytosis, and to immune responses modulation. However, Mtb envelope components are not only encountered at the bacillus-host direct contact but can act remotely from the bacillus envelope. Indeed, they are also released from the bacillus envelope and are detected in different compartments such as the infected cells endosomal compartments or in extracellular vesicles produced by the bacillus itself or by infected cells. Characterizing their trafficking is of main importance for our understanding of their role in host-pathogen interactions and consequently for their potential use as vaccine components. This review aims at providing an overview of the current knowledge of the nature of Mtb envelope components shuttled within extracellular vesicles, the interaction of these vesicles with host immune cells and the remaining black holes.
（Mtb）包膜的成分，如脂蛋白、脂多糖、脂质和糖脂，作为病原体相关分子模式和/或抗原，因此以不同的方式有助于细菌的识别、吞噬作用和免疫反应的调节。然而，Mtb 包膜的成分不仅在细菌-宿主直接接触时遇到，而且可以在远离细菌包膜的地方起作用。事实上，它们也从细菌包膜中释放出来，并在不同的隔室中被检测到，如受感染细胞的内体隔室，或由细菌本身或受感染细胞产生的细胞外囊泡。描述它们的运输途径对于我们理解它们在宿主-病原体相互作用中的作用以及它们作为疫苗成分的潜在用途非常重要。这篇综述旨在概述在细胞外囊泡中穿梭的 Mtb 包膜成分的性质、这些囊泡与宿主免疫细胞的相互作用以及仍存在的黑洞。
