Na Woori, Kim Jiyu, Chung Bong Hee, Jang Dai-Ja, Sohn Cheongmin
Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea.
Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea.
Nutr Res Pract. 2020 Aug;14(4):352-364. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.4.352. Epub 2020 Jul 23.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Given the increasing proportion of the Korean population that is aged 65 years and older, the present study analyzed the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia in elderly persons by using data from the 2008-2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data for 3,373 persons aged 65 years and over (men: 1,455, 43.1%) were selected from the 2008-2011 KNHANES. Sarcopenia assessments are based on a formula that divides a subject's appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) by their weight (wt) and multiplies that result by 100 ([ASM/wt] × 100). Sarcopenia is present if the subject's result was less than one standard deviation (SD) below the sex-specific mean for a young reference group. For evaluation of diet quality, data obtained via the 24-hour recall method were used to calculate the Diet Quality Index for Koreans (DQI-K). A general linear model was applied in order to analyze general information and nutritional intake according to sarcopenia status. For analysis of the relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia, a binominal logistic regression analysis was undertaken.
The sarcopenia prevalence rate among the study subjects aged 65 years and over was 37.6%. The DQI-K of those without sarcopenia was 3.33 ± 0.04 points, while that of those with sarcopenia was 3.45 ± 0.04 points ( < 0.05). The relationship between diet quality and sarcopenia revealed that subjects aged 75 and older had a poor diet quality, and their odds ratio (OR) of sarcopenia presence was significantly higher (OR: 1.807, 95% confidence interval: 1.003-3.254, < 0.05).
This study revealed that poor diet quality was related to sarcopenia presence in Koreans aged 75 and older. In order to improve the diet quality of the elderly (aged 75 and older), it is necessary to develop dietary improvement guidelines.
背景/目的：鉴于韩国65岁及以上人口比例不断增加，本研究利用2008 - 2011年韩国国家健康与营养检查调查（KNHANES）的数据，分析了老年人饮食质量与肌肉减少症之间的关系。
对象/方法：从2008 - 2011年KNHANES中选取了3373名65岁及以上的人（男性1455名，占43.1%）。肌肉减少症的评估基于一个公式，该公式将受试者的四肢骨骼肌质量（ASM）除以其体重（wt），再将结果乘以100（[ASM/wt]×100）。如果受试者的结果低于年轻参照组特定性别的均值一个标准差（SD）以下，则存在肌肉减少症。为了评估饮食质量，通过24小时回忆法获得的数据用于计算韩国人饮食质量指数（DQI - K）。应用一般线性模型根据肌肉减少症状态分析一般信息和营养摄入情况。为了分析饮食质量与肌肉减少症之间的关系，进行了二项逻辑回归分析。
65岁及以上研究对象中肌肉减少症的患病率为37.6%。无肌肉减少症者的DQI - K为3.33±0.04分，而有肌肉减少症者的DQI - K为3.45±0.04分（P<0.05）。饮食质量与肌肉减少症之间的关系表明，75岁及以上的受试者饮食质量较差，其患肌肉减少症的优势比（OR）显著更高（OR：1.807，95%置信区间：1.003 - 3.254，P<0.05）。
本研究表明，饮食质量差与75岁及以上韩国人肌肉减少症的存在有关。为了改善老年人（75岁及以上）的饮食质量，有必要制定饮食改善指南。
