Endodontics Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil.
Endodontic Section, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Int Endod J. 2020 Nov;53(11):1494-1505. doi: 10.1111/iej.13382. Epub 2020 Sep 4.
To evaluate the biocompatibility, induction of mineralization and antimicrobial activity of experimental intracanal pastes based on two glass and glass-ceramic materials. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) ) paste was used as the positive control.
The glass-ceramic powder [two-phased Biosilicate (BS-2P)] and F18 bioactive glass were mixed with distilled water (ratio 2 : 1), inserted in polyethylene tubes and implanted in the subcutaneous tissues of 16 rats. Empty tubes were used as negative control. After 7 and 30 days (n = 8), the rats were euthanized for haematoxylin-eosin, von Kossa, polarized light and osteopontin (OPN) immunolabeling analysis. Direct contact tests using a suspension of each paste were performed with Enterococcus faecalis planktonic cells to evaluate antimicrobial activity (24 h of contact), in a pilot study. The number of CFU mL was calculated for each group. The antimicrobial analysis data were submitted to one-way anova and Tukey tests, whilst biocompatibility and immunohistochemical data were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (P < 0.05).
Most specimens of the control, BS-2P and Ca(OH) groups were associated with moderate inflammation seven days following implantation, whilst F18 was associated with moderate to severe inflammation, without differences amongst the groups (P > 0.05). At 30 days, most specimens of control, F18 and BS-2P groups had mild inflammation, whilst Ca(OH) had mild to moderate inflammation; however, no differences were determined amongst the groups (P > 0.05). The fibrous capsule was thick at 7 days, becoming thin at 30 days. All pastes induced von Kossa-positive structures and were birefringent to polarized light. At seven days, the BS-2P group had significantly more OPN immunolabeling compared to the control and Ca(OH) groups (P < 0.05). At 30 days, the F18 group had significantly more OPN immunolabeling compared to the control and Ca(OH) groups (P < 0.05). All pastes reduced the total number of E. faecalis; however, the reduction was only significant when comparing BS-2P and Ca(OH) groups to the control (P < 0.05). Only calcium hydroxide eliminated E. faecalis.
Experimental BS-2P and F18 pastes were biocompatible, stimulated biomineralization and induced significant OPN immunolabeling compared to Ca(OH) . Only the BS-2P paste demonstrated antimicrobial activity comparable to Ca(OH) .
评估基于两种玻璃和玻璃陶瓷材料的实验根管糊剂的生物相容性、矿化诱导和抗菌活性。氢氧化钙（Ca(OH) ）糊剂用作阳性对照。
玻璃陶瓷粉末[双相 Biosilicate（BS-2P）]和 F18 生物活性玻璃与蒸馏水（比例 2：1）混合，插入聚乙烯管中，并植入 16 只大鼠的皮下组织中。空管用作阴性对照。在 7 天和 30 天（n=8）后，处死大鼠进行苏木精-伊红、von Kossa、偏光和骨桥蛋白（OPN）免疫标记分析。使用每种糊剂的悬浮液进行粪肠球菌浮游细胞的直接接触测试，以评估抗菌活性（接触 24 小时），在一项初步研究中。为每组计算 CFU mL。抗菌分析数据提交给单因素方差分析和 Tukey 检验，而生物相容性和免疫组织化学数据提交给 Kruskal-Wallis 和 Dunn 检验（P<0.05）。
在植入后 7 天，大多数对照、BS-2P 和 Ca(OH) 组的标本与中度炎症相关，而 F18 与中度至重度炎症相关，但组间无差异（P>0.05）。在 30 天，大多数对照、F18 和 BS-2P 组的标本呈轻度炎症，而 Ca(OH) 组呈轻度至中度炎症；然而，组间没有差异（P>0.05）。7 天时纤维囊变厚，30 天时变薄。所有糊剂均诱导 von Kossa 阳性结构，并具有偏光双折射性。在 7 天时，BS-2P 组与对照组和 Ca(OH) 组相比，OPN 免疫标记明显更多（P<0.05）。在 30 天时，F18 组与对照组和 Ca(OH) 组相比，OPN 免疫标记明显更多（P<0.05）。所有糊剂均减少粪肠球菌的总数；然而，仅当将 BS-2P 和 Ca(OH) 组与对照组进行比较时，才观察到减少具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。只有氢氧化钙消除了粪肠球菌。
实验性 BS-2P 和 F18 糊剂与 Ca(OH) 相比具有生物相容性、刺激矿化并诱导显著的 OPN 免疫标记。只有 BS-2P 糊剂显示出与 Ca(OH) 相当的抗菌活性。
