Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Sep;129:110509. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110509. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a lifelong autoimmune disorder that is increasingly prevalent in populations worldwide. As well as affecting adults, T1D is one of the most prevalent chronic childhood disorders. Several lines of evidence point to dysregulation of both cellular and humoral immune responses in this disorder. Several genetic loci have been associated with risk of T1D, implying the presence of a complex multifactorial pattern of inheritance for this disorder. Moreover, recent studies have reported dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in animal models of T1D or clinical samples. Several immune-related molecules and pathways such as NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/FOXO, JAK, MAPK, mTOR and STAT pathways are regulated by non-coding RNAs in the context of T1D. Improved understanding of the role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in the pathogenesis of T1D would facilitate design of preventive therapeutic modalities. In the current review, we summarize the results of animal and human studies that report dysregulation of these transcripts and their function in T1D.
1 型糖尿病（T1D）是一种终身自身免疫性疾病，在全球人群中的发病率越来越高。除了影响成年人外，T1D 还是最常见的慢性儿童疾病之一。有几条证据表明，这种疾病存在细胞和体液免疫反应的失调。一些遗传位点与 T1D 的发病风险相关，这表明该疾病存在复杂的多因素遗传模式。此外，最近的研究报告称，在 T1D 的动物模型或临床样本中存在长非编码 RNA（lncRNAs）和 microRNAs（miRNAs）的失调。在 T1D 背景下，几种免疫相关分子和途径（如 NF-κB、PI3K/Akt/FOXO、JAK、MAPK、mTOR 和 STAT 途径）受到非编码 RNA 的调节。更好地了解 lncRNAs 和 miRNAs 在 T1D 发病机制中的作用将有助于设计预防治疗方法。在当前的综述中，我们总结了报告这些转录物失调及其在 T1D 中功能的动物和人类研究的结果。
