Janikowska Grażyna, Kochańska-Dziurowicz Aleksandra, Pokora Ilona, Żebrowska Aleksandra
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Silesian College of Medicine in Katowice, Katowice Poland.
J Hum Kinet. 2020 Jul 21;73:73-82. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2020-0005. eCollection 2020 Jul.
The objective of the study to determine the effects of graded exercise on the cytokines and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), growth hormone (hGH), testosterone (T), and cortisol (C) concentrations in the peripheral blood of female soccer players, and to evaluate if increased inflammatory biomarkers were related to these hormones and performance variables. Sixteen female soccer players (N = 16, age 19.3 ± 2.3 years) participated in this study. Blood samples were collected at three time points: pre-exercise, post-exercise, and in the 15th minute of recovery, to evaluate morphological and biochemical variables. The relative expression of IL-6 (interleukin 6) and serum concentrations of the cytokines were increased in the recovery period compared to pre-exercise levels (p = 0.03 and p=0.005, respectively). There was a significant effect of exercise on serum hGH level (p " 0.001), T/C ratio (p = 0.001), and C level (p=0.02). Positive correlations were found between: post-exercise IL-1β (interleukin 1 beta) and IL-6 (R = 0.84, p = 0.000), and the IL-6 and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha) gene expression during recovery (R = 0.65, p = 0.009), and serum IL-1β post-exercise and maximal power (R = 0.68; p = 0.004). Exercise-induced serum C levels positively correlated with IGF-1 levels (R = 0.52 p = 0.05). Negative associations were revealed between post-exercise T/C ratio and IGF-1 (R = - 0.58, p = 0.03) and serum free T and IL- β (R = -0.56, p = 0.04) levels. The low level of pre-exercise genes and protein of the IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α indicate a lack of inflammation signs in the female soccer players. This study shows significant effects of exercise on hormone levels and pro-inflammatory markers, which could be used to identify the role of female sex steroids on the immune function.
本研究的目的是确定分级运动对女子足球运动员外周血中细胞因子、胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）、生长激素（hGH）、睾酮（T）和皮质醇（C）浓度的影响，并评估炎症生物标志物的增加是否与这些激素及运动表现变量相关。16名女子足球运动员（N = 16，年龄19.3±2.3岁）参与了本研究。在三个时间点采集血样：运动前、运动后以及恢复的第15分钟，以评估形态学和生化变量。与运动前水平相比，恢复期IL-6（白细胞介素6）的相对表达及细胞因子的血清浓度均升高（分别为p = 0.03和p = 0.005）。运动对血清hGH水平（p = 0.001）、T/C比值（p = 0.001）和C水平（p = 0.02）有显著影响。发现以下指标之间存在正相关：运动后IL-1β（白细胞介素1β）与IL-6（R = 0.84, p = 0.000），以及恢复期IL-6与TNF-α（肿瘤坏死因子α）基因表达（R = 0.65, p = 0.009），运动后血清IL-1β与最大功率（R = 0.68; p = 0.004）。运动诱导的血清C水平与IGF-1水平呈正相关（R = 0.52，p = 0.05）。运动后T/C比值与IGF-1（R = - 0.58, p = 0.03）以及血清游离T与IL-1β（R = -0.56, p = 0.04）水平之间呈负相关。运动前IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的基因及蛋白水平较低，表明女子足球运动员缺乏炎症迹象。本研究表明运动对激素水平和促炎标志物有显著影响，这可用于确定女性性类固醇在免疫功能中的作用。
