Ren Mei, Yang Fan, Gou Jing-Min, Wang Pin-Xue, Zou Min, Zhong Xiao-Hong, Lin Qing
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China.
Acta Parasitol. 2021 Mar;66(1):264-270. doi: 10.1007/s11686-020-00258-3. Epub 2020 Aug 11.
Yak, a predominant livestock of plateau areas, is known as a host to many parasites. And the genus Entamoeba, the third-common cause of the mortality worldwide from parasitic diseases, was discovered in yaks once.
We investigated the distribution and species of Entamoeba spp. from yaks in Qinghai province, northwestern China, by collecting 1027 yak fecal samples. All samples were divided according to seven geographical sites, four seasons, and two age groups of yaks. After extracting DNA, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify the 18S rRNA gene, and sequences were analyzed with phylogenetic method.
We observed an overall Entamoeba positive rate of 36.32% (373/1027) in yaks from Qinghai province. The common species included Entamoeba bovis (284/373), Entamoeba sp. MG107/BEL (79/373), Entamoeba sp. ribosomal lineage (RL) two (8/373), and Entamoeba sp. RL9 (2/373). According to the result of statistical analysis, Entamoeba infection rate was the highest in summer and significantly differed from that observed during other seasons (P < 0.05). The yaks from Golog had the highest prevalence of Entamoeba among all geographical origins in Qinghai province (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed (P > 0.05) among different age groups, as evident from a positive rate of 39.58% in ≤ 6-month and 36.16% in > 6-month yaks.
These results indicate the prevalence and predominant species of Entamoeba in yaks. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report E. bovis, Entamoeba sp. RL2, and Entamoeba sp. RL9 in Chinese yaks.
牦牛是高原地区的主要家畜，是多种寄生虫的宿主。曾在牦牛体内发现过内阿米巴属，该属是全球寄生虫病致死的第三大常见病因。
我们通过收集1027份牦牛粪便样本，调查了中国西北部青海省牦牛体内内阿米巴属的分布和种类。所有样本根据七个地理地点、四个季节以及牦牛的两个年龄组进行划分。提取DNA后，进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）以扩增18S rRNA基因，并采用系统发育方法分析序列。
我们观察到青海省牦牛的内阿米巴总体阳性率为36.32%（373/1027）。常见种类包括牛内阿米巴（284/373）、MG107/BEL内阿米巴种（79/373）、核糖体谱系（RL）二类内阿米巴种（8/373）和RL9内阿米巴种（2/373）。根据统计分析结果，内阿米巴感染率在夏季最高，与其他季节观察到的感染率有显著差异（P < 0.05）。在青海省所有地理来源中，果洛的牦牛内阿米巴患病率最高（P < 0.05）。然而，不同年龄组之间未观察到显著差异（P > 0.05），≤6个月龄牦牛的阳性率为39.58%，>6个月龄牦牛的阳性率为3 / 6.16%。
这些结果表明了牦牛体内内阿米巴的流行情况和优势种类。据我们所知，这是首次在中国牦牛中报道牛内阿米巴、RL2内阿米巴种和RL9内阿米巴种的研究。
