护理和助产管理者实施同情关怀的障碍：一项国际研究。
Obstacles to compassion-giving among nursing and midwifery managers: an international study.
机构信息
Research Centre for Transcultural Studies in Health, Department of Mental Health and Social Work School of Health and Education, Middlesex University, The Burroughs London, UK.
Research Centre for Transcultural Studies in Health, Middlesex University, London, UK.
出版信息
Int Nurs Rev. 2020 Dec;67(4):453-465. doi: 10.1111/inr.12611. Epub 2020 Aug 11.
AIM
To explore nursing and midwifery managers' views regarding obstacles to compassion-giving across country cultures.
BACKGROUND
The benefit of compassionate leadership is being advocated, but despite the fact that health care is invariably conducted within culturally diverse workplaces, the interconnection of culture, compassion and leadership is rarely addressed. Furthermore, evidence on how cultural factors hinder the expression of compassion among nursing and midwifery managers is lacking.
METHODS
Cross-sectional, exploratory, international online survey involving 1 217 participants from 17 countries. Managers' responses on open-ended questions related to barriers for providing compassion were entered and thematically analysed through NVivo.
RESULTS
Three key themes related to compassion-giving obstacles emerged across countries: 1. related to the managers' personal characteristics and experiences; 2. system-related; and 3. staff-related.
CONCLUSIONS
Obstacles to compassion-giving among managers vary across countries. An understanding of the variations across countries and cultures of what impedes compassion to flourish in health care is important.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE AND POLICY
Nursing mangers should wisely use their power by adopting leadership styles that promote culturally competent and compassionate workplaces with respect for human rights. Policymakers should identify training and mentoring needs to enable the development of managers' practical wisdom. Appropriate national and international policies should facilitate the establishment of standards and guidelines for compassionate leadership, in the face of distorted organizational cultures and system-related obstacles to compassion-giving.
目的
探讨护理和助产管理者对跨越不同国家文化的施爱障碍的看法。
背景
富有同情心的领导力的好处正在被提倡，但尽管医疗保健总是在文化多样化的工作场所中进行，文化、同情和领导力之间的相互联系却很少被提及。此外，关于文化因素如何阻碍护理和助产管理者表达同情心的证据也很少。
方法
横断面、探索性、国际在线调查，涉及来自 17 个国家的 1217 名参与者。管理者对与提供同情心相关的障碍的开放性问题的回答被输入，并通过 NVivo 进行主题分析。
结果
在各国之间出现了三个与施爱障碍相关的关键主题：1. 与管理者的个人特征和经验有关；2. 与系统有关；3. 与员工有关。
结论
各国管理者在施爱方面存在障碍。了解在卫生保健中阻碍同情心发展的障碍在各国和文化之间的差异非常重要。
对护理实践和政策的影响
护理管理者应该明智地运用权力，采取领导风格，促进具有文化能力和同情心的工作场所，尊重人权。政策制定者应确定培训和指导需求，以促进管理者实践智慧的发展。应制定适当的国家和国际政策，以面对扭曲的组织文化和与系统相关的施爱障碍，为富有同情心的领导力制定标准和准则。
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