Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom.
Play Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2020 Aug 19;15(8):e0237784. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237784. eCollection 2020.
Built environments have been cited as important facilitators of activity and research using geographic information systems (GIS) has emerged as a novel approach in exploring environmental determinants. The Active Children Through Individual Vouchers Evaluation Project used GIS to conduct a cross-sectional analysis of how teenager's (aged 13-14) environments impacted on their amount of activity and influences fitness. The ACTIVE Project recruited 270 participants aged 13-14 (year 9) from 7 secondary schools in south Wales, UK. Demographic data and objective measures of accelerometery and fitness were collected from each participant between September and December 2016. Objective data was mapped in a GIS alongside datasets relating to activity provision, active travel routes, public transport stops, main roads and natural resources. This study shows that fitness and physical activity are not correlated. Teenagers who had higher levels of activity also had higher levels of sedentary time/inactivity. Teenagers showed higher amounts of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity if their homes were closer to public transport. However, they were also more active if their schools were further away from public transport and natural resources. Teenagers were fitter if schools were closer to natural resources. Sedentary behaviour, fitness and activity do not cluster in the same teenagers. Policymakers/planning committees need to consider this when designing teenage friendly environments. Access to public transport, active travel, green space and activities that teenagers want, and need could make a significant difference to teenage health.
建筑环境被认为是促进活动的重要因素，而使用地理信息系统（GIS）的研究也已经成为探索环境决定因素的一种新方法。“通过个人代金券激励儿童积极活动评估项目”（Active Children Through Individual Vouchers Evaluation Project）使用 GIS 对青少年（13-14 岁）的环境如何影响他们的活动量和健康水平进行了横断面分析。该项目在英国威尔士南部的 7 所中学招募了 270 名年龄在 13-14 岁（9 年级）的参与者。2016 年 9 月至 12 月期间，从每位参与者那里收集了人口统计学数据和计步器以及健康的客观测量数据。客观数据与活动提供、积极出行路线、公共交通站点、主要道路和自然资源等数据集一起在 GIS 中进行了映射。这项研究表明，健康和体育活动之间没有相关性。活动水平较高的青少年久坐时间/不活动时间也较高。如果青少年的家离公共交通更近，他们就会有更多的中等至剧烈的体育活动。然而，如果他们的学校离公共交通和自然资源更远，他们也会更活跃。如果学校离自然资源更近，青少年的健康状况会更好。久坐行为、健康和活动不会在同一批青少年中聚集。政策制定者/规划委员会在设计青少年友好型环境时需要考虑到这一点。获得公共交通、积极出行、绿色空间以及青少年想要和需要的活动，可能会对青少年的健康产生重大影响。
