SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Aug 18;21(16):5917. doi: 10.3390/ijms21165917.
Fumonisin contaminates food and feed extensively throughout the world, causing chronic and acute toxicity in human and animals. Currently, studies on the toxicology of fumonisins mainly focus on fumonisin B1 (FB1). Considering that FB1, fumonisin B2 (FB2) and fumonisin B3 (FB3) could coexist in food and feed, a study regarding a single toxin, FB1, may not completely reflect the toxicity of fumonisin. The gastrointestinal tract is usually exposed to these dietary toxins. In our study, the human gastric epithelial cell line (GES-1) was used as in vitro model to evaluate the toxicity of fumonisin. Firstly, we found that they could cause a decrease in cell viability, and increase in membrane leakage, cell death and the induction of expression of markers for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Their toxicity potency rank is FB1 > FB2 >> FB3. The results also showed that the synergistic effect appeared in the combinations of FB1 + FB2 and FB1 + FB3. Nevertheless, the combinations of FB2 + FB3 and FB1 + FB2 + FB3 showed a synergistic effect at low concentration and an antagonistic effect at high concentration. We also found that myriocin (ISP-1) could alleviate the cytotoxicity induced by fumonisin in GES-1 cells. Finally, this study may help to determine or optimize the legal limits and risk assessment method of mycotoxins in food and feed and provide a potential method to block the fumonisin toxicity.
伏马菌素广泛污染世界各地的食物和饲料，对人类和动物造成慢性和急性毒性。目前，伏马菌素的毒理学研究主要集中在伏马菌素 B1（FB1）上。考虑到 FB1、伏马菌素 B2（FB2）和伏马菌素 B3（FB3）可能在食物和饲料中共存，对单一毒素 FB1 的研究可能无法完全反映伏马菌素的毒性。胃肠道通常会接触到这些饮食毒素。在我们的研究中，使用人胃上皮细胞系（GES-1）作为体外模型来评估伏马菌素的毒性。首先，我们发现它们会导致细胞活力下降，膜通透性增加，细胞死亡和内质网（ER）应激标志物的表达增加。它们的毒性效力顺序为 FB1>FB2>>FB3。结果还表明，FB1+FB2 和 FB1+FB3 的组合表现出协同作用。然而，FB2+FB3 和 FB1+FB2+FB3 的组合在低浓度时表现出协同作用，在高浓度时表现出拮抗作用。我们还发现，ISP-1（myriocin）可以减轻 GES-1 细胞中伏马菌素引起的细胞毒性。最后，这项研究可能有助于确定或优化食品和饲料中真菌毒素的法定限量和风险评估方法，并提供一种潜在的阻断伏马菌素毒性的方法。
