Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 6, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2021 Feb;59:24-33. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.07.014. Epub 2020 Aug 19.
Advances in synthetic biology and microbiology have enabled the creation of engineered bacteria which can sense and report on intracellular and extracellular signals. When deployed in vivo these whole-cell bacterial biosensors can act as sentinels to monitor biomolecules of interest in human health and disease settings. This is particularly interesting in the context of the gut microbiota, which interacts extensively with the human host throughout time and transit of the gut and can be accessed from feces without requiring invasive collection. Leveraging rational engineering approaches for genetic circuits as well as an expanding catalog of disease-associated biomarkers, bacterial biosensors can act as non-invasive and easy-to-monitor reporters of the gut. Here, we summarize recent engineering approaches applied in vivo in animal models and then highlight promising technologies for designing the next generation of bacterial biosensors.
合成生物学和微生物学的进步使人们能够创造出能够感知和报告细胞内和细胞外信号的工程细菌。当这些全细胞细菌生物传感器在体内被应用时，它们可以作为哨兵，监测人类健康和疾病环境中感兴趣的生物分子。在肠道微生物群的背景下，这尤其有趣，因为肠道微生物群与人类宿主在时间和肠道转运过程中广泛相互作用，并且可以从粪便中获得，而无需进行侵入性采集。利用遗传回路的合理工程方法以及不断扩大的疾病相关生物标志物目录，细菌生物传感器可以作为肠道的非侵入性和易于监测的报告器。在这里，我们总结了最近在动物模型中应用的体内工程方法，然后重点介绍了设计下一代细菌生物传感器的有前途的技术。
