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新冠疫情新常态下的口罩：材料、测试与展望

Face Masks in the New COVID-19 Normal: Materials, Testing, and Perspectives.

作者信息

Chua Ming Hui, Cheng Weiren, Goh Shermin Simin, Kong Junhua, Li Bing, Lim Jason Y C, Mao Lu, Wang Suxi, Xue Kun, Yang Le, Ye Enyi, Zhang Kangyi, Cheong Wun Chet Davy, Tan Beng Hoon, Li Zibiao, Tan Ban Hock, Loh Xian Jun

机构信息

Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore 138634.

Department of Infectious Disease, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.

出版信息

Research (Wash D C). 2020 Aug 7;2020:7286735. doi: 10.34133/2020/7286735. eCollection 2020.

DOI:10.34133/2020/7286735
PMID:32832908
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7429109/
Abstract

The increasing prevalence of infectious diseases in recent decades has posed a serious threat to public health. Routes of transmission differ, but the respiratory droplet or airborne route has the greatest potential to disrupt social intercourse, while being amenable to prevention by the humble face mask. Different types of masks give different levels of protection to the user. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has even resulted in a global shortage of face masks and the raw materials that go into them, driving individuals to self-produce masks from household items. At the same time, research has been accelerated towards improving the quality and performance of face masks, e.g., by introducing properties such as antimicrobial activity and superhydrophobicity. This review will cover mask-wearing from the public health perspective, the technical details of commercial and home-made masks, and recent advances in mask engineering, disinfection, and materials and discuss the sustainability of mask-wearing and mask production into the future.

摘要

近几十年来，传染病患病率的不断上升对公众健康构成了严重威胁。传播途径各不相同，但呼吸道飞沫或空气传播途径对社会交往的干扰潜力最大，而普通口罩却有助于预防。不同类型的口罩为使用者提供不同级别的防护。持续的新冠疫情甚至导致全球口罩及其原材料短缺，促使人们用家居用品自制口罩。与此同时，提高口罩质量和性能的研究也在加速进行，例如通过引入抗菌活性和超疏水性等特性。本综述将从公共卫生角度探讨佩戴口罩的问题、商用和自制口罩的技术细节，以及口罩工程、消毒、材料方面的最新进展，并讨论未来佩戴口罩和口罩生产的可持续性。

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