Niknejad Ehsan, Jafari Reza, Valipour Motlagh Naser
Department of Applied Science, University of Quebec at Chicoutimi (UQAC), 555, Boul. de l'Université, Chicoutimi, QC G7H 2B1, Canada.
Molecules. 2025 Aug 5;30(15):3276. doi: 10.3390/molecules30153276.
The growing demand for sustainable materials has led to increased interest in biodegradable polymer fibers and nonwoven mats due to their eco-friendly characteristics and potential to reduce plastic pollution. This review highlights how mechanical properties influence the performance and suitability of biodegradable polymer fibers across diverse applications. This covers synthetic polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyglycolic acid (PGA), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), as well as natural polymers including chitosan, collagen, cellulose, alginate, silk fibroin, and starch-based polymers. A range of fiber production methods is discussed, including electrospinning, centrifugal spinning, spunbonding, melt blowing, melt spinning, and wet spinning, with attention to how each technique influences tensile strength, elongation, and modulus. The review also addresses advances in composite fibers, nanoparticle incorporation, crosslinking methods, and post-processing strategies that improve mechanical behavior. In addition, mechanical testing techniques such as tensile test machine, atomic force microscopy, and dynamic mechanical analysis are examined to show how fabrication parameters influence fiber performance. This review examines the mechanical performance of biodegradable polymer fibers and fibrous mats, emphasizing their potential as sustainable alternatives to conventional materials in applications such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, medical implants, wound dressings, packaging, and filtration.
对可持续材料日益增长的需求，已引发人们对可生物降解聚合物纤维和非织造垫的兴趣不断增加，这是由于它们具有环保特性以及减少塑料污染的潜力。本综述重点介绍了机械性能如何影响可生物降解聚合物纤维在各种应用中的性能和适用性。这涵盖了合成聚合物，如聚乳酸（PLA）、聚羟基脂肪酸酯（PHA）、聚己内酯（PCL）、聚乙醇酸（PGA）和聚乙烯醇（PVA），以及天然聚合物，包括壳聚糖、胶原蛋白、纤维素、藻酸盐、丝素蛋白和淀粉基聚合物。讨论了一系列纤维生产方法，包括静电纺丝、离心纺丝、纺粘法、熔喷法、熔融纺丝和湿法纺丝，并关注每种技术如何影响拉伸强度、伸长率和模量。该综述还涉及复合纤维、纳米颗粒掺入、交联方法以及改善机械性能的后处理策略方面的进展。此外，还研究了拉伸试验机、原子力显微镜和动态力学分析等机械测试技术，以展示制造参数如何影响纤维性能。本综述考察了可生物降解聚合物纤维和纤维垫的机械性能，强调了它们在组织工程、药物递送、医疗植入物、伤口敷料、包装和过滤等应用中作为传统材料可持续替代品的潜力。
