家长为子女在线搜索健康信息：系统评价及进一步研究议程。
Online Health Information Seeking by Parents for Their Children: Systematic Review and Agenda for Further Research.
机构信息
Health Psychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Universität Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria.
出版信息
J Med Internet Res. 2020 Aug 25;22(8):e19985. doi: 10.2196/19985.
BACKGROUND
Parents commonly use the internet to search for information about their child's health-related symptoms and guide parental health-related decisions. Despite the impact of parental online health seeking on offline health behaviors, this area of research remains understudied. Previous literature has not adequately distinguished searched behaviors when searching for oneself or one`s child.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this review is to examine prevalences and associated variables of parent-child online health information seeking; investigate parents' health-related online behavior regarding how they find, use, and evaluate information; and identify barriers and concerns that they experience during the search. Based on this analysis, we develop a conceptual model of potentially important variables of proxy online health information seeking, with a focus on building an agenda for further research.
METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive systematic literature review of the PsycINFO, JMIR, and PubMed electronic databases. Studies between January 1994 and June 2018 were considered. The conceptual model was developed using an inductive mixed methods approach based on the investigated variables in the study sample.
RESULTS
A total of 33 studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings suggest that parents worldwide are heavy online users of health-related information for their children across highly diverse circumstances. A total of 6 studies found high parental health anxiety, with prevalences ranging from 14% to 52%. Although parents reported wishing for more guidance from their pediatrician on how to find reliable information, they rarely discussed retrieved information from the web. The conceptual model of proxy online health information seeking includes 49 variables.
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review identifies important gaps regarding the influence of health-related information on parents' health behavior and outcomes. Follow-up studies are required to offer parents guidance on how to use the web for health purposes in an effective way, as well as solutions to the multifaceted problems during or after online health information seeking for their child. The conceptual model with the number of studies in each model category listed highlights how previous studies have hardly considered relational variables between the parent and child. An agenda for future research is presented.
背景
父母通常会上网搜索与孩子健康相关的症状信息，并以此来指导与健康相关的决策。尽管父母上网搜索健康信息会对线下健康行为产生影响，但这一研究领域仍未得到充分研究。以往的文献没有充分区分为自己和为孩子搜索时的行为。
目的
本综述旨在调查父母为子女在线搜索健康信息的流行程度和相关变量；研究父母在寻找、使用和评估信息时的与健康相关的在线行为；并确定他们在搜索过程中遇到的障碍和关注点。在此分析的基础上，我们构建了一个代理在线健康信息搜索的重要变量概念模型，重点是为进一步研究制定议程。
方法
我们对 PsycINFO、JMIR 和 PubMed 电子数据库进行了全面的系统文献综述。研究时间范围为 1994 年 1 月至 2018 年 6 月。概念模型是使用基于研究样本中调查变量的归纳混合方法构建的。
结果
共有 33 项研究符合纳入标准。研究结果表明，全球父母在高度多样化的情况下，都大量在线搜索与子女健康相关的信息。共有 6 项研究发现父母的健康焦虑程度较高，比例从 14%到 52%不等。尽管父母表示希望儿科医生能更多地指导他们如何找到可靠的信息，但他们很少讨论从网上检索到的信息。代理在线健康信息搜索的概念模型包括 49 个变量。
结论
本系统综述确定了与健康相关信息对父母健康行为和结果影响方面的重要差距。需要开展后续研究，为父母提供如何有效利用网络获取健康信息的指导，以及解决在为子女在线搜索健康信息过程中或之后出现的多方面问题的方案。列出模型类别中每个研究数量的概念模型突出了以往研究几乎没有考虑父母与子女之间的关系变量。提出了未来研究的议程。
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