Lundstrom Kenneth
PanTherapeutics, CH1095 Lutry, Switzerland.
Viruses. 2020 Aug 23;12(9):924. doi: 10.3390/v12090924.
RNA interference (RNAi) provides the means for alternative antiviral therapy. Delivery of RNAi in the form of short interfering RNA (siRNA), short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and micro-RNA (miRNA) have demonstrated efficacy in gene silencing for therapeutic applications against viral diseases. Bioinformatics has played an important role in the design of efficient RNAi sequences targeting various pathogenic viruses. However, stability and delivery of RNAi molecules have presented serious obstacles for reaching therapeutic efficacy. For this reason, RNA modifications and formulation of nanoparticles have proven useful for non-viral delivery of RNAi molecules. On the other hand, utilization of viral vectors and particularly self-replicating RNA virus vectors can be considered as an attractive alternative. In this review, examples of antiviral therapy applying RNAi-based approaches in various animal models will be described. Due to the current coronavirus pandemic, a special emphasis will be dedicated to targeting Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19).
RNA干扰（RNAi）为替代性抗病毒治疗提供了手段。以小干扰RNA（siRNA）、短发夹RNA（shRNA）和微小RNA（miRNA）形式递送RNAi已在针对病毒性疾病的治疗应用中证明了基因沉默的功效。生物信息学在设计针对各种致病病毒的有效RNAi序列方面发挥了重要作用。然而，RNAi分子的稳定性和递送对于达到治疗效果提出了严重障碍。因此，RNA修饰和纳米颗粒制剂已被证明对RNAi分子的非病毒递送有用。另一方面，利用病毒载体，特别是自我复制的RNA病毒载体可被视为一种有吸引力的替代方案。在本综述中，将描述在各种动物模型中应用基于RNAi方法的抗病毒治疗实例。由于当前的冠状病毒大流行，将特别强调针对冠状病毒病-19（COVID-19）。
