Aslan Çin Nazlı Nur, Bezirganoğlu Altuntaş Neslihan, Özfer Özçelik Ayşe
Ankara University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ankara, Turkey.
University of Health Sciences Turkey, Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Trabzon, Turkey.
Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Jun;17(2):90-97. doi: 10.4274/tjod.galenos.2020.20727. Epub 2020 Jul 29.
Iodine is a trace element that synthesizes thyroid hormones necessary for optimal human growth and development. The relationship between dietary iodine intake and spot urinary iodine excretion in pregnant women has not been previously evaluated in Trabzon city, which is an endemic area of iodine deficiency in the Black Sea region of Turkey. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between dietary iodine intake and urine iodine excretion in pregnant women.
This study enrolled 150 pregnant women aged between 19 and 45 years who applied to Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Trabzon. Spot urine specimens were taken, and dietary iodine intake data were collected using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24-hours dietary recall (24-h DR) method.
The median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in the general specimen was 100.6 μg/L. Of the pregnant women, 80.0% had insufficient and 20.0% had sufficient iodine levels, according to UIC. Although total iodine-rich food intake determined by FFQ was sufficient in 20.7% (n=31) of participants, 24-h DR iodine intake was sufficient only 10.7% (n=16). A significant association between urinary iodine excretion and iodine intake was observed in both 24-h DR and FFQ intake estimates (p<0.05). The iodine intake values obtained in both 24-h DR and FFQ and the iodized salt effect were correlated with UIC in all models (p<0.05). Even though 96.0% of pregnant women used iodized salt, its effect on UIC was 15.2%.
Both methods indicate that the iodine intake of pregnant women might be insufficient in Trabzon area. Also, although iodized salt use is high in pregnant women in Trabzon, it is not enough to prevent iodine deficiency.
碘是一种微量元素，可合成人体最佳生长发育所需的甲状腺激素。在土耳其黑海地区碘缺乏的流行地区特拉布宗市，此前尚未评估孕妇膳食碘摄入量与尿碘排泄量之间的关系。本研究旨在评估孕妇膳食碘摄入量与尿碘排泄量之间的关系。
本研究纳入了150名年龄在19至45岁之间、前往特拉布宗妇产科诊所就诊的孕妇。采集即时尿标本，并使用食物频率问卷（FFQ）和24小时膳食回顾（24-h DR）方法收集膳食碘摄入量数据。
一般标本中尿碘浓度（UIC）的中位数为100.6μg/L。根据UIC，80.0%的孕妇碘水平不足，20.0%的孕妇碘水平充足。尽管通过FFQ确定的富碘食物总摄入量在20.7%（n = 31）的参与者中充足，但24-h DR碘摄入量仅10.7%（n = 16）充足。在24-h DR和FFQ摄入量估计中均观察到尿碘排泄与碘摄入量之间存在显著关联（p<0.05）。在所有模型中，24-h DR和FFQ获得的碘摄入量值以及碘盐效应均与UIC相关（p<0.05）。尽管96.0%的孕妇使用碘盐，但其对UIC的影响为15.2%。
两种方法均表明，特拉布宗地区孕妇的碘摄入量可能不足。此外，尽管特拉布宗孕妇碘盐使用率较高，但不足以预防碘缺乏。
