Lopez-Castroman Jorge, Jaussent Isabelle
PSNREC, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France.
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2020;46:211-228. doi: 10.1007/7854_2020_166.
Sleep disturbances, particularly insomnia, nightmares, and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), are significant, proximal, and modifiable risk factors for suicidal ideation and behaviors (SIB) and could be targeted for preventative interventions. In this chapter, we review the evidence supporting the association of insomnia, nightmares, and EDS with SIB. We also describe these sleep disturbances in the general population, as well as their association with psychiatric disorders. A PubMed search was conducted to identify the relevant literature. Insomnia is very frequent across mental disorders, but SIB patients are particularly exposed. Specific interventions focused on insomnia are useful in contending suicidal ideation. Nightmares seem to constitute an independent risk factor for SIB, beyond insomnia, particularly in young people and when experienced frequently. The evidence regarding the association of EDS and SIB is less clear and probably explained by the reduction of health-related quality of life and comorbid depression. The mechanisms underlying the relationship between sleep disturbances and SIB as well as the role of potential confounders and future perspectives in this field are also discussed.
睡眠障碍，尤其是失眠、噩梦和日间过度嗜睡（EDS），是自杀意念和行为（SIB）的重要、直接且可改变的危险因素，可作为预防性干预的目标。在本章中，我们回顾了支持失眠、噩梦和EDS与SIB之间关联的证据。我们还描述了一般人群中的这些睡眠障碍及其与精神障碍的关联。通过PubMed检索来识别相关文献。失眠在各类精神障碍中都很常见，但SIB患者尤其易受影响。针对失眠的特定干预措施有助于应对自杀意念。噩梦似乎是SIB的一个独立危险因素，独立于失眠之外，尤其在年轻人中且频繁出现时。关于EDS与SIB之间关联的证据尚不清楚，可能是由于与健康相关的生活质量下降和共病抑郁所致。还讨论了睡眠障碍与SIB之间关系的潜在机制以及该领域潜在混杂因素的作用和未来展望。
