Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Sam Higgbottom University of Agriculture Technology & Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211007, India.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Shambhunath Institute of Pharmacy Jhalwa, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211015, India.
Life Sci. 2020 Nov 15;261:118343. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118343. Epub 2020 Aug 26.
It is well known that immune system is highly specific to protect the body against various environmental pathogens. The concept of conventional vaccination has overcome the pandemic situation of several infectious diseases outbreak.
The recent idea of immunization through oral route (edible vaccine) is vital alternatives over conventional vaccines. Edible vaccines are composed of antigenic protein introduced into the plant cells which induce these altered plants to produce the encoded protein. Edible vaccine has no way of forming infection and safety is assured as it only composed of antigenic protein and is devoid of pathogenic genes. Edible vaccines have significant role in stimulating mucosal immunity as they come in contact with digestive tract lining. They are safe, cost-effective, easy-to-administer and have reduced manufacturing cost hence have a dramatic impact on health care in developing countries.
The edible vaccine might be the solution for the potential hazard associated with the parenteral vaccines. In this review we discuss the detailed study of pros, cons, mechanism of immune stimulation, various outbreaks that might be controlled by edible vaccines with the possible future research and applied application of edible vaccine.
众所周知，免疫系统具有高度特异性，可以保护身体免受各种环境病原体的侵害。传统疫苗接种的概念已经克服了几种传染病爆发的大流行情况。
通过口服途径（可食用疫苗）进行免疫接种的新理念是传统疫苗的重要替代方法。可食用疫苗由抗原蛋白组成，这些抗原蛋白被引入植物细胞中，诱导这些改变的植物产生编码蛋白。可食用疫苗不会形成感染，并且可以保证安全性，因为它仅由抗原蛋白组成，并且没有致病基因。可食用疫苗在刺激黏膜免疫方面具有重要作用，因为它们与消化道内层接触。它们安全、具有成本效益、易于管理，并且制造成本降低，因此对发展中国家的医疗保健产生了重大影响。
可食用疫苗可能是解决与注射疫苗相关的潜在危险的方法。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了可食用疫苗的优缺点、免疫刺激机制的详细研究、可通过可食用疫苗控制的各种疫情，以及可食用疫苗未来的研究和应用方向。
