Mithani Murad A, Gopalakrishnan Shanthi, Santoro Michael D
School of Business, Stevens Institute of Technology, Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, NJ, 07030.
Martin Tuchman School of Management, New Jersey Institute of Technology.
Long Range Plann. 2020 Aug 25:102031. doi: 10.1016/j.lrp.2020.102031.
Why do some organizations bounce-back from traumatic events more quickly than others? While the research on organizations offers extensive insights on recovery from economic or technological shocks, there is limited understanding of how organizations recover from life-threatening events such as terrorist attacks. In this study, we build on the research on resilience and argue that organizational recovery from a traumatic event is informed by the perception of threat. Higher perception of threat increases inter-organizational collaboration and the care associated with the deployment of slack as well as to learning. We tested our arguments with a sample of US and non-US firms before and after the 9/11 terrorist attacks and found that, due to spatial proximity, US firms' higher perception of threat led to a larger increase in the frequency of inter-organizational alliances than that of non-US firms. This preference was more frequently directed towards local partners and demonstrated a distinct emphasis on slack and learning. Contrary to conventional wisdom, our findings suggest that organizational resilience in the face of a traumatic event benefits not from immunity but from spatial proximity to the threat. Proximity increases the perception of threat, and with it, the impetus for adaptation.
为什么有些组织比其他组织能更快地从创伤性事件中恢复过来？虽然关于组织的研究对从经济或技术冲击中恢复提供了广泛的见解，但对于组织如何从诸如恐怖袭击等危及生命的事件中恢复，人们的了解有限。在本研究中，我们以复原力研究为基础，认为组织从创伤性事件中的恢复受威胁感知的影响。更高的威胁感知会增加组织间的合作以及与闲置资源配置相关的关注和学习。我们以9·11恐怖袭击前后的美国和非美国公司样本对我们的观点进行了检验，发现由于空间 proximity，美国公司更高的威胁感知导致组织间联盟频率的增加幅度大于非美国公司。这种偏好更常指向本地合作伙伴，并表现出对闲置资源和学习的明显重视。与传统观点相反，我们的研究结果表明，面对创伤性事件时组织的复原力并非受益于免疫力，而是受益于与威胁的空间 proximity。proximity 会增加威胁感知，进而增加适应的动力。 （注：原文中“spatial proximity”未翻译，因为不清楚其准确含义，需结合具体语境确定合适的中文表述）
