Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Surv Ophthalmol. 2021 Mar-Apr;66(2):213-230. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.08.003. Epub 2020 Aug 29.
Diabetic retinal disease remains a leading cause of vision loss despite currently available screening methods, ocular treatments, and efforts to control metabolic dysfunction. It is now understood that diabetes damages the entire retina and the cellular components of the neurovascular unit. Multiple studies have demonstrated impairment of various aspects of retinal function across the spectrum of retinopathy severity. Here we review these tests, the principles underlying their use, clinical data from multiple publications, the strengths and limitations of the studies, and prospects for their application to understand the pathophysiology of diabetic retinal disease and monitor its response to therapy. We focus on visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, color vision, visual field, and dark adaptation and their use to understand the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy and as potential endpoints for clinical trials.
尽管目前有筛查方法、眼部治疗和控制代谢功能障碍的措施，糖尿病性视网膜病变仍然是导致视力丧失的主要原因。现在已经了解到，糖尿病会损害整个视网膜和神经血管单元的细胞成分。多项研究表明，在视网膜病变严重程度的范围内，视网膜功能的各个方面都受到了损害。在这里，我们回顾了这些检查，包括它们使用的原理、来自多个出版物的临床数据、研究的优缺点，以及将它们应用于了解糖尿病性视网膜病变的病理生理学和监测其对治疗的反应的前景。我们重点介绍了视力、对比敏感度、色觉、视野和暗适应及其在了解糖尿病性视网膜病变的病理生理学以及作为临床试验的潜在终点方面的应用。
