CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.
J Mater Chem B. 2020 Oct 7;8(38):8748-8767. doi: 10.1039/d0tb01380c.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the key signaling molecules in many physiological processes and play an important role in the development and function of the central nervous system (CNS). However, the process of CNS diseases is often accompanied by excessive production of ROS, which will induce oxidative stress, aggravate the pathological changes of the diseases, and cause neuroinflammation and loss of neurons. Therefore, it is beneficial for the treatment of CNS diseases and the recovery of the nerve function to eliminate the excessive ROS formed during the pathological changes of the CNS. Although several antioxidants have been proved to restore redox balance, their disappointing clinical performance has predicted less optimistic prospects in antioxidant therapy for ROS-associated CNS diseases. In recent years, nanomaterials with ROS-scavenging ability have been considered as promising substances to alleviate oxidative stress in CNS diseases because of their excellent ROS scavenging effect and biodistribution. This review article aims to elucidate the ROS scavenging mechanisms of various nanomaterials, introduce the reasons for ROS generation in CNS diseases, and review the applications of nanomaterials in scavenging ROS in CNS diseases reported in recent years.
活性氧（ROS）是许多生理过程中的关键信号分子，在中枢神经系统（CNS）的发育和功能中发挥重要作用。然而，CNS 疾病的发生过程往往伴随着 ROS 的过度产生，这将诱导氧化应激，加重疾病的病理变化，并导致神经炎症和神经元的丧失。因此，消除 CNS 病理变化过程中形成的过量 ROS，有利于 CNS 疾病的治疗和神经功能的恢复。尽管已经有几种抗氧化剂被证明可以恢复氧化还原平衡，但它们在抗氧化治疗 ROS 相关 CNS 疾病方面令人失望的临床疗效预示着不太乐观的前景。近年来，具有 ROS 清除能力的纳米材料因其出色的 ROS 清除效果和生物分布而被认为是缓解 CNS 疾病氧化应激的有前途的物质。本文旨在阐明各种纳米材料的 ROS 清除机制，介绍 CNS 疾病中 ROS 产生的原因，并综述近年来报道的纳米材料在清除 CNS 疾病中 ROS 方面的应用。
