了解 SARS-CoV-2 神经系统表现的免疫学特征和潜在的免疫学机制。
Understanding the Immunologic Characteristics of Neurologic Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 and Potential Immunological Mechanisms.
机构信息
Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
NeuroImaging Network (NIN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
Mol Neurobiol. 2020 Dec;57(12):5263-5275. doi: 10.1007/s12035-020-02094-y. Epub 2020 Sep 1.
Similar to its predecessors, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exhibits neurotrophic properties, which lead to progression of neurologic sequelae. Besides direct viral invasion to the central nervous system (CNS), indirect CNS involvement through viral-mediated immune response is plausible. Aberrant immune pathways such as extreme release of cytokines (cytokine storm), autoimmunity mediated by cross-reactivity between CNS components and viral particles, and microglial activation propagate CNS damage in these patients. Here, we review the currently available evidence to discuss the plausible immunologic pathways that may contribute to the development of COVID-19 neurological complications, namely Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, seizure, and brainstem involvement.
与之前的疾病类似，2019 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）具有神经营养特性，可导致神经系统后遗症进展。除了病毒直接侵袭中枢神经系统（CNS）外，病毒介导的免疫反应也可能导致 CNS 间接受累。异常的免疫途径，如细胞因子的极度释放（细胞因子风暴）、中枢神经系统成分与病毒颗粒之间的交叉反应介导的自身免疫，以及小胶质细胞的激活，在这些患者中导致 CNS 损伤。在这里，我们回顾了目前可用的证据，以讨论可能导致 COVID-19 神经系统并发症（如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、中风、多发性硬化症、格林-巴利综合征、癫痫发作和脑干受累）发展的合理免疫途径。
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