Beck Katharina, Ohno Hiroshi, Satoh-Takayama Naoko
Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
Immunobiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
Microorganisms. 2020 Sep 2;8(9):1342. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8091342.
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently discovered type of innate immune lymphocyte. They include three different groups classified by the nature of the transcription factors required for their development and by the cytokines they produce. ILCs mainly reside in tissues close to the mucosal barrier such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Due to their close proximity to the mucosal surface, ILCs are exposed to a variety of both commensal and pathogenic bacteria. Under non-pathological conditions, ILCs have been shown to be important regulators for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis by mutual interactions with the microbiome. Besides these important functions at homeostasis, several studies have also provided emerging evidence that ILCs contribute to defense against pathogenic bacterial infection by responding rapidly to the pathogens as well as orchestrating other immune cells. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the interactions of ILCs and bacteria, with special focus on the function of the different ILC subsets in bacterial infections.
固有淋巴细胞（ILCs）是最近发现的一种固有免疫淋巴细胞。它们包括三个不同的组，根据其发育所需转录因子的性质以及它们产生的细胞因子进行分类。ILCs主要存在于靠近黏膜屏障的组织中，如呼吸道和胃肠道。由于它们紧邻黏膜表面，ILCs会接触到各种共生菌和病原菌。在非病理条件下，ILCs已被证明是通过与微生物群相互作用来维持组织稳态的重要调节因子。除了在稳态下的这些重要功能外，一些研究还提供了新的证据，表明ILCs通过对病原体快速反应以及协调其他免疫细胞来促进对病原菌感染的防御。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们对ILCs与细菌相互作用理解的最新进展，特别关注不同ILC亚群在细菌感染中的功能。
