Jiang Yao-Wen, Gao Ge, Jia Hao-Ran, Zhang Xiaodong, Cheng Xiaotong, Wang Hong-Yin, Liu Peidang, Wu Fu-Gen
State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
Institute of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
Langmuir. 2020 Oct 6;36(39):11637-11644. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02316. Epub 2020 Sep 25.
Many noble metal-based nanoparticles have emerged for applications in cancer radiotherapy in recent years, but few investigations have been carried out for palladium nanoparticles. Herein, palladium nanosheets (Pd NSs), which possess a sheetlike morphology with a diameter of ∼14 nm and a thickness of ∼2 nm, were utilized as a sensitizer to improve the performance of radiotherapy. It was found that Pd NSs alone did not decrease the cell viability after treatment for as long as 130 h, suggesting the excellent cytocompatibility of the nanoagents. However, the viability of cancer cells treated with X-ray irradiation became lower, and the viability became even lower if the cells were co-treated with X-ray and Pd NSs, indicating the radiosensitization effect of Pd NSs. Additionally, compared with X-ray irradiation, the combined treatment of Pd NSs and X-ray irradiation induced the generation of more DNA double-stranded breaks and reactive oxygen species within cancer cells, which eventually caused elevated cell apoptosis. Moreover, experiments also verified the radiosensitization effect and the favorable biocompatibility of Pd NSs, indicating their potential for acquiring satisfactory radiotherapeutic effect at lower X-ray doses. It is believed that the present research will open new avenues for the application of noble metal-based nanoparticles in radiosensitization.
近年来，许多基于贵金属的纳米颗粒已被用于癌症放射治疗，但针对钯纳米颗粒的研究却很少。在此，具有片状形态、直径约为14 nm、厚度约为2 nm的钯纳米片（Pd NSs）被用作敏化剂以提高放射治疗性能。研究发现，单独使用Pd NSs处理长达130 h后细胞活力并未降低，这表明纳米制剂具有优异的细胞相容性。然而，经X射线照射处理的癌细胞活力降低，若细胞同时接受X射线和Pd NSs处理，活力则更低，这表明Pd NSs具有放射增敏作用。此外，与X射线照射相比，Pd NSs与X射线照射联合处理诱导癌细胞内产生更多的DNA双链断裂和活性氧，最终导致细胞凋亡增加。而且，实验还证实了Pd NSs的放射增敏作用和良好的生物相容性，表明它们在较低X射线剂量下获得满意放射治疗效果的潜力。相信本研究将为基于贵金属的纳米颗粒在放射增敏方面的应用开辟新途径。
