Baudoin Tomislav, Šimunjak Tena, Bacan Nikolina, Jelavić Boris, Kuna Krunoslav, Košec Andro
Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, Zagreb, Croatia.
School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2021 May;35(3):315-322. doi: 10.1177/1945892420957490. Epub 2020 Sep 9.
Pregnancy-induced rhinitis (PIR) is a form of chronic non-allergic rhinitis not present before pregnancy that manifests itself during pregnancy with complete resolution of symptoms after delivery.
The objective of this ambidirectional longitudinal cohort study is to evaluate the prevalence of PIR and to investigate the appearance and character of its symptoms, and its impact on the quality of life.Methodology: Six hundred eighty-one (681) women were recruited in the study. They completed questionnaires about nasal symptoms a day after delivery and each woman with nasal symptoms was interviewed 30 days later and data on symptom duration and quality were recorded.
The prevalence of PIR was 31.86% (N = 217), 47.14% (N = 321) women had no nasal symptoms and 21% (N = 143) of participants had prior sinonasal disease. The clinical presentation of pregnancy rhinitis included nasal obstruction as the most common symptom, followed by rhinorrhea, postnasal secretion, nose itching, sneezing, and hyposmia. The median duration of PIR was 4 months with their complete resolution of symptoms between 2th and 16th day after delivery in the majority of respondents. PIR was diagnosed significantly more often if the women carried a female child. PIR affected their quality of life during pregnancy in 53,9% women (N = 117), with an average VAS score of 8. It seems that pregnancy may affect the course of previously present sinonasal disease (allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, nonallergic rhinitis, or non-infectious rhinitis prior to the pregnancy).
PIR is a common clinical entity with a wide range of symptoms with a direct impact on the quality of life in pregnancy. We propose a new definition of pregnancy-induced rhinitis.
妊娠性鼻炎（PIR）是一种慢性非过敏性鼻炎，在妊娠前不存在，在孕期出现，产后症状完全缓解。
本双向纵向队列研究的目的是评估PIR的患病率，调查其症状的出现和特征，以及对生活质量的影响。
681名女性参与了本研究。她们在产后一天完成了关于鼻部症状的问卷，30天后对每位有鼻部症状的女性进行了访谈，并记录了症状持续时间和性质的数据。
PIR的患病率为31.86%（N = 217），47.14%（N = 321）的女性无鼻部症状，21%（N = 143）的参与者有鼻窦疾病史。妊娠性鼻炎的临床表现包括鼻塞是最常见的症状，其次是流涕、鼻后分泌物、鼻痒、打喷嚏和嗅觉减退。PIR的中位持续时间为4个月，大多数受访者在产后第2天至第16天症状完全缓解。如果女性怀的是女孩，PIR的诊断明显更常见。53.9%（N = 117）的女性在孕期PIR影响了她们的生活质量，平均视觉模拟评分（VAS）为8分。似乎妊娠可能影响先前存在的鼻窦疾病（妊娠前的过敏性鼻炎、慢性鼻-鼻窦炎、非过敏性鼻炎或非感染性鼻炎）的病程。
PIR是一种常见的临床病症，症状范围广泛，直接影响孕期生活质量。我们提出了妊娠性鼻炎的新定义。
