Azeem Adnan, Anwer Md Khalid, Talegaonkar Sushama
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
J Drug Target. 2009 Nov;17(9):671-89. doi: 10.3109/10611860903079454.
Niosomes represent an emerging class of novel vesicular systems. They are composed of nonionic surfactants which are biodegradable and relatively nontoxic. They were developed as stable and inexpensive alternatives to liposomes. Since their early introduction to cosmetic industry their role has diversified to other application areas. They are now being ardently explored as potential carriers for sustained and targeted drug delivery. In addition to conventional, oral, and parenteral routes, they are amenable to be delivered by ocular, transdermal, vaginal, and inhalation routes. Delivery of biotechnological products including vaccine delivery with niosomes is also an interesting and promising research area. The introduction of provesicular approach in the form of proniosomes has further increased the relevance of these systems. More concerted research efforts, however, are still required to realize the full potential of these novel systems. This review considers the current status and explores the potential of niosomes in drug delivery with special attention to their role in drug targeting. Their methods of preparation, formulation aspects, advantages, limitations, and applications are also discussed.
非离子表面活性剂囊泡是一类新兴的新型囊泡系统。它们由可生物降解且相对无毒的非离子表面活性剂组成。它们被开发为脂质体的稳定且廉价的替代品。自早期引入化妆品行业以来，它们的作用已扩展到其他应用领域。如今，它们正被积极探索作为持续和靶向药物递送的潜在载体。除了传统的口服和肠胃外给药途径外，它们还适合通过眼部、透皮、阴道和吸入途径给药。使用非离子表面活性剂囊泡递送包括疫苗在内的生物技术产品也是一个有趣且有前景的研究领域。以前体脂质体形式引入的前体囊泡方法进一步提高了这些系统的相关性。然而，仍需要更协调一致的研究努力来充分发挥这些新型系统的潜力。本综述考虑了非离子表面活性剂囊泡的现状，并探讨了其在药物递送中的潜力，特别关注它们在药物靶向中的作用。还讨论了它们的制备方法、制剂方面、优点、局限性和应用。
