Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
Eur J Nutr. 2020 Dec;59(8):3391-3403. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02383-1. Epub 2020 Sep 11.
An association between gut-microbiota and several neuropsychiatric conditions including autism, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been observed. Despite being the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adolescents worldwide, the etiology and curative approaches to treatment of ADHD remain unclear. There is a probability that gut-microbiota may contribute to ADHD via bidirectional communication between the gut and brain, a system known as the "gut-brain axis". Although a mechanistic link in the gut-brain axis in ADHD has been proposed, there is still a lack of information about the correlation of the microbiome profile with the mechanisms involved. The objective of this review was to summarize the diversity of the gut-microbiota and taxonomic profiles in children and adolescents with ADHD. In this review, we have provided an overview of the association between ADHD and gut-microbiota. The evidence pertinent to potentially distinctive gut-microbiota in children and adolescents with ADHD is also discussed and compared to that of their non-ADHD peers. Finally, the implications and future directions for investigation into the gut microbiome in ADHD patients are proposed.
肠道微生物群与包括自闭症、抑郁症、焦虑症、精神分裂症和注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）在内的几种神经精神疾病之间存在关联。尽管 ADHD 是全世界儿童和青少年中最常见的神经发育障碍之一，但 ADHD 的病因和治疗方法仍不清楚。肠道微生物群可能通过肠道和大脑之间的双向通讯（称为“肠脑轴”）对 ADHD 产生影响。尽管已经提出了 ADHD 中肠脑轴的机制联系，但关于微生物组特征与相关机制之间的相关性的信息仍然缺乏。本综述的目的是总结 ADHD 儿童和青少年的肠道微生物群和分类群特征的多样性。在本综述中，我们概述了 ADHD 与肠道微生物群之间的关联。还讨论了与非 ADHD 同龄人的 ADHD 儿童和青少年中潜在独特肠道微生物群的证据，并将其进行了比较。最后，提出了针对 ADHD 患者肠道微生物组进行研究的意义和未来方向。
