Hasan Murtaza, Rafique Saira, Zafar Ayesha, Loomba Suraj, Khan Rida, Hassan Shahbaz Gul, Khan Muhammad Waqas, Zahra Sadaf, Zia Muhammad, Mustafa Ghazala, Shu Xugang, Ihsan Zahid, Mahmood Nasir
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology (Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus), The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
Heliyon. 2020 Aug 26;6(8):e04595. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04595. eCollection 2020 Aug.
The synthesis methodology, particle size and shape, dose optimization, and toxicity studies of nano-fertilizers are vital prior to their field application. This study investigates the comparative response of chemically synthesized and biologically synthesized iron oxide nanorods (NRs) using along with bulk FeCl on summer maize (). It is found that FeCl salt and chemically synthesized iron oxides NRs caused growth retardation and impaired plant physiological and anti-oxidative activities at a concentration higher than 25 mg/L due to toxicity by over accumulation. While iron released form biologically synthesized NRs have shown significantly positive results even at 50 mg/L due to their low toxicity, an improved leaf area (13%), number of leaves per plant (26%), total chlorophyll content (80%) and nitrate content (6%) with biologically synthesized NRs are obtained. Moreover, the plant anti-oxidative activity also increased on treatment with biologically synthesized NRs because of their ability to form a complex with metal ions. These findings suggest that biologically synthesized iron oxides NRs are an efficient iron source and can last for a long time. Thus, proving that nanofertilizer are required to have specific surface chemistry to release the nutrient in an appropriate concentration for better plant growth.
纳米肥料的合成方法、粒径和形状、剂量优化以及毒性研究在其田间应用之前至关重要。本研究调查了化学合成和生物合成的氧化铁纳米棒（NRs）以及大量FeCl对夏玉米（）的比较响应。研究发现，FeCl盐和化学合成的氧化铁NRs在浓度高于25 mg/L时会导致生长迟缓，并损害植物的生理和抗氧化活性，这是由于过量积累产生的毒性所致。而生物合成的NRs释放出的铁即使在50 mg/L时也显示出显著的积极效果，这归因于其低毒性，使用生物合成的NRs可使叶面积提高（13%）、单株叶片数增加（26%）、总叶绿素含量提高（80%）以及硝酸盐含量增加（6%）。此外，生物合成的NRs处理后植物的抗氧化活性也有所提高，因为它们能够与金属离子形成络合物。这些发现表明，生物合成的氧化铁NRs是一种有效的铁源，且能持续较长时间。因此，证明纳米肥料需要具有特定的表面化学性质，以便以适当的浓度释放养分，促进植物更好地生长。
