Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Giggenhauser Str. 35, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
Nutrients. 2020 Sep 11;12(9):2781. doi: 10.3390/nu12092781.
In recent years, dietary products with quinoa and buckwheat have attracted attention mostly due to the high nutritive value of their protein fraction. However, their dietary effect on intestinal microbiota activity and related systemic responses are still poorly understood. Therefore, a 2 week study of twenty-eight growing male Wistar rats was conducted to investigate the effects of quinoa (QU) and buckwheat (BK) protein-rich flours on the growth parameters, intestinal microbial activity, plasma lipid profile, and inflammatory markers. The biological value of protein and body weight gain were considerably increased in the QU and BK groups compared with those in the soy protein isolate group. Moreover, both flours increased the microbial activity of α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, and α-galactosidase and the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the caecum. The studied flours favourably reduced the plasma total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. In rats fed a diet with QU, elevated levels of plasma interleukin 6 and alanine transaminase were observed. The effect of QU on inflammatory markers may be related to the increased expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the liver and to the decreased level of plasma albumin. In conclusion, quinoa and buckwheat protein-rich flours are valuable sources of proteins that favourably affect growth parameters, gut metabolism, and blood lipid profile in rats; however, only the buckwheat flour has no effect on inflammatory processes.
近年来，富含藜麦和荞麦的膳食产品因其蛋白质部分的高营养价值而备受关注。然而，它们对肠道微生物群活性和相关全身反应的饮食作用仍知之甚少。因此，进行了一项为期 2 周的二十八只生长雄性 Wistar 大鼠的研究，以调查富含藜麦（QU）和荞麦（BK）的蛋白质面粉对生长参数、肠道微生物活性、血浆脂质谱和炎症标志物的影响。与大豆蛋白分离物组相比，QU 和 BK 组的蛋白质生物学价值和体重增加都有显著提高。此外，两种面粉都增加了α-葡萄糖苷酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶和α-半乳糖苷酶的微生物活性以及盲肠中短链脂肪酸的浓度。研究的面粉可降低血浆总胆固醇和 LDL 胆固醇。在食用 QU 饮食的大鼠中，观察到血浆白细胞介素 6 和丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平升高。QU 对炎症标志物的影响可能与肝脏中芳烃受体表达增加以及血浆白蛋白水平降低有关。总之，富含藜麦和荞麦的蛋白质面粉是蛋白质的有价值来源，可促进大鼠的生长参数、肠道代谢和血脂谱；然而，只有荞麦面粉对炎症过程没有影响。
