National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil.
Secretary of Education, Rio de Janeiro State Government, Rio de Janeiro 20220-800, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 11;17(18):6632. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186632.
The study aimed to assess the association between body image perception and (dis)satisfaction and sociodemographic and behavioral factors in the elderly, using multinomial logistic regression. Data were analyzed for 1686 women and 1499 men participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Men with less schooling and women with lower per capita income showed higher odds of underestimating their body size. Former smokers of both sexes showed higher odds of overestimating their body size; lower schooling and lower per capita income decreased these odds. Increasing age, lower per capita income, and smoking increased the odds of dissatisfaction due to thinness in men, and married marital status decreased these odds. In women, low per capita income, weekly consumption of vegetables, and smoking increased the odds of such dissatisfaction. Factors that increased the odds of dissatisfaction due to excess weight in both sexes were primary or secondary schooling and former smoking. In women, low per capita income, weak physical activity, weekly consumption of vegetables, and excessive alcohol intake also increased the odds of such dissatisfaction. The results suggest that improved living conditions and the adoption of healthy behaviors can help reduce misperceived negative body image among elderly.
本研究旨在使用多项逻辑回归评估老年人的身体意象感知与（不）满意度及其与社会人口学和行为因素之间的关系。分析了参加巴西成人健康纵向研究（ELSA-Brasil）的 1686 名女性和 1499 名男性的数据。受教育程度较低的男性和人均收入较低的女性低估自己体型的可能性更高。无论男女，曾经吸烟的人高估自己体型的可能性更高；受教育程度较低和人均收入较低则降低了这种可能性。年龄增长、人均收入降低和吸烟会增加男性因消瘦而不满的几率，而已婚的婚姻状况则会降低这种几率。对于女性，人均收入较低、每周食用蔬菜和吸烟会增加对消瘦不满的几率。增加男女因超重而不满几率的因素是小学或中学教育程度和曾经吸烟。对于女性，人均收入较低、身体活动较弱、每周食用蔬菜和过量饮酒也会增加对这种不满的几率。研究结果表明，改善生活条件和采取健康行为有助于减少老年人对负面身体意象的误解。
