National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Laboratory of Health and Environment Education, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Sep 25;23(1):1857. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16779-1.
Evaluating lifelong weight trajectories is challenging due to the high costs of studies that follow individuals from childhood to adulthood. The use of silhouette scales has been a new approach to assess the body shape trajectory across life as a proxy for body weight trajectory. Depending on body shape trajectories, individuals may be more prone to develop diseases in adulthood. Therefore, identifying factors related to them is essential for public health. This study aimed to evaluate body shape trajectories across the lifespan and to verify associations between them, birth weight, body mass index, and sociodemographic conditions in a Brazilian cohort.
This is a cross-sectional analysis conducted with 14,014 participants of first follow-up data collection of Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). ELSA-Brasil is a multicentric prospective cohort study initiated in 2008 with civil servants of six public institutions in the Northeast, South and Southeast regions of Brazil. We applied a clustering method to longitudinal data to identify body shape trajectories from 5 to 40 years of age and assessed the associations between these trajectories and birth weight, body mass index and sociodemographic conditions (race, education, maternal education and monthly per capita family income) using multiple correspondence analysis.
We found five body shape trajectories for women and three for men. Low birth weight was associated with a slight to moderate increase in shape. High birth weight was associated with maintaining large body size in both sexes and markedly increased body shape in women. Higher sociodemographic status and white race were associated with marked increases in body shape in men and maintenance of medium body shape in women.
The study shows that variables related to worse lifetime weight status (evaluated by anthropometry), such as presence of obesity, are also associated with worse body shape trajectories, as assessed with silhouette scales. Our results suggest that body shape trajectories are a good indicator of body weight trajectories and may be used when cohort studies are not possible.
由于从儿童期到成年期跟踪个体的研究费用高昂，因此评估终生体重轨迹具有挑战性。使用体型量表评估整个生命周期中的体型轨迹，作为体重轨迹的替代指标，这是一种新方法。根据体型轨迹，个体在成年后可能更容易患上疾病。因此，确定与体型轨迹相关的因素对于公共卫生至关重要。本研究旨在评估巴西队列人群一生中的体型轨迹，并验证其与出生体重、体重指数和社会人口状况之间的关联。
这是一项横断面分析，共纳入了 14014 名参与巴西成年人健康纵向研究（ELSA-Brasil）第一次随访数据收集的参与者。ELSA-Brasil 是一项于 2008 年启动的多中心前瞻性队列研究，纳入了巴西东北部、南部和东南部 6 个公共机构的公务员。我们应用聚类方法对纵向数据进行分析，以确定 5 至 40 岁的体型轨迹，并使用多元对应分析评估这些轨迹与出生体重、体重指数和社会人口状况（种族、教育、母亲教育和家庭人均月收入）之间的关联。
我们发现女性有五种体型轨迹，男性有三种体型轨迹。低出生体重与体型的轻微至中度增加有关。高出生体重与两性中保持较大体型以及女性中明显增加的体型有关。较高的社会人口地位和白种人与男性中明显增加的体型和女性中保持中等体型有关。
该研究表明，与终生体重状况较差（通过人体测量评估）相关的变量，如肥胖的存在，也与通过体型量表评估的较差体型轨迹相关。我们的结果表明，体型轨迹是体重轨迹的一个很好的指标，当无法进行队列研究时，可以使用体型轨迹。
