Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2020 Sep 11;53:e20200241. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0241-2020. eCollection 2020.
The incidence and prevalence of lung disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM-LD) has increased worldwide and its diagnosis represents a complex challenge. This article aims to review the tomographic findings of NTM-LD in order to facilitate their definitive diagnosis. The search for publications on the subject was performed in PMC and Scielo using the keywords 'non-tuberculous mycobacteria', 'lung disease and computed tomography (CT)' and 'radiological findings'. The radiological findings described by 18 articles on mycobacteriosis were reviewed. In addition, CT images of patients diagnosed with NTM-LD were considered to represent radiological findings. Eighteen publications were used whose main findings were pulmonary cavitation (88.9%), bronchiectasis (77.8%), and pulmonary nodules (55.6%). Despite the overlaps in imaging-related analysis of myocobacterioses with other pulmonary infections, such as tuberculosis, the predominant involvement of the middle lobe and lingula should raise suspicion for NTM-LD.
非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）肺病的发病率和患病率在全球范围内有所增加，其诊断具有一定的挑战性。本文旨在回顾 NTM 肺病的 CT 影像学特征，以帮助明确诊断。在 PMC 和 SciELO 数据库中使用“非结核分枝杆菌”“肺部疾病和计算机断层扫描（CT）”和“影像学表现”等关键词搜索相关文献。共检索到 18 篇关于分枝杆菌病的文章，对其影像学表现进行了回顾性分析。此外，还分析了经临床确诊的 NTM 肺病患者的 CT 图像。结果显示，肺空洞（88.9%）、支气管扩张（77.8%）和肺结节（55.6%）是分枝杆菌病的主要 CT 影像学特征。虽然分枝杆菌病的影像学表现与肺结核等其他肺部感染存在重叠，但中叶和舌段受累为主时应高度怀疑 NTM 肺病。
