In vitro and In Vivo Immunomodulatory Activity of Physalis angulata Concentrated Ethanolic Extract.

The need for new immunomodulatory drugs is due to the side effects associated with the prolonged use of the currently used immunomodulatory drugs. In this context, the present work aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of an ethanolic concentrated extract from The cytotoxicity of samples was determined using peritoneal macrophages though the Alamar Blue assay. The immunomodulatory activity of the ethanolic extract from on activated macrophages was determined by measurement of nitrite and cytokine production. The immunosuppressive effects of the ethanolic extract from was evaluated on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. The effects of the extract on cell cycle progression and cell death on lymphocytes were evaluated by flow cytometry. Lastly, the ethanolic extract from was tested in toxicological tests and in models of peritonitis and delayed-type hypersensitivity response. The ethanolic extract from decreased nitrite, interleukin-6, interleukin-12, and TNF- production by activated macrophages without affecting the cell viability. In addition, the ethanolic extract from inhibited lymphoproliferation and the secretion of interleukin-2, interleukin-6, and IFN-, and increased interleukin-4 secretion by activated splenocytes. Flow cytometry analysis in lymphocyte cultures showed that treatment with the ethanolic extract from induces cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase followed by cell death by apoptosis. Moreover, mice treated with the extract from at 100 or 200 mg/kg did not show signs of toxicity or alterations in serum components. Finally, the ethanolic extract from significantly reduced neutrophil migration and reduced paw edema in bovine serum albumin-induced the delayed-type hypersensitivity response model. Our results demonstrate the potential of the ethanolic extract of as an alternative for the treatment of immune-inflammatory diseases.