Pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects of leaf extract on retinoblastoma cells.

AIM

To investigate the effect of leaf extract on apoptotic and proliferation of retinoblastoma cells. Despite several previous studies evidencing the anti-cancer potential of ; however, certain study that proves its benefits in retinoblastoma cancer cells has been limited.

METHODS

This study utilizes an experimental study by applying Y79 human retinoblastoma cell line culture obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC; 10801 University Boulevard Manassas, VA 20110, USA). The cell was divided into 4 groups. Group I was the control group without the administration of leaf extract. Whereas, group II, II and IV are engaged with 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL of leaf extract respectively. After a 24h incubation, an examination with microtetrazolium (MTT) cell proliferation assay and Annexin V apoptosis detection was conducted. Statistical analysis was performed with the Tukey test.

RESULTS

leaf extract improved apoptosis and significantly reduced the number of living cells in retinoblastoma cells, along with the increase in the given dose. Based on the Tukey test, a significant difference was found in the treatment group at 50 µg/mL (=0.025) and 100 µg/mL (=0.001) in the measurement of apoptosis. Proliferation measurements also indicated a significant decrease in the number of living cells in the 50µg/mL treatment group (=0.004), and in the 100 µg/mL treatment group (=0.000). Meanwhile, a dose of 25 µg/mL indicated insignificant difference in the two measurements. Improved apoptosis and decreased number of living cells occured at a dose of 100 µg/mL. Decreased number of living cells (in the measurement of proliferation) was due to the inhibited proliferation or improved apoptosis.

CONCLUSION

leaf extract improve apoptosis in retinoblastoma cell culture, requiring further research to inhibit proliferation.