Zhang Keke, Zheng Xiafei, He Zhili, Yang Tony, Shu Longfei, Xiao Fanshu, Wu Yongjie, Wang Binhao, Li Zhou, Chen Pubo, Yan Qingyun
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
Microb Biotechnol. 2020 Sep;13(5):1597-1610. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.13622. Epub 2020 Jul 6.
Microbial sulfate reduction and sulfur oxidation are vital processes to enhance organic matter degradation in sediments. However, the diversity and composition of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and their environmental driving factors are still poorly understood in aquaculture ponds, which received mounting of organic matter. In this study, bacterial communities, SRB and SOB from sediments of aquaculture ponds with different sizes of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) were analysed using high-throughput sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The results indicated that microbial communities in aquaculture pond sediments of large juvenile fish showed the highest richness and abundance of SRB and SOB, potentially further enhancing microbial sulfur cycling. Specifically, SRB were dominated by Desulfobulbus and Desulfovibrio, whereas SOB were dominated by Dechloromonas and Leptothrix. Although large juvenile fish ponds had relatively lower concentrations of sulfur compounds (i.e. total sulfur, acid-volatile sulfide and elemental sulfur) than those of larval fish ponds, more abundant SRB and SOB were found in the large juvenile fish ponds. Further redundancy analysis (RDA) and linear regression indicated that sulfur compounds and sediment suspension are the major environmental factors shaping the abundance and community structure of SRB and SOB in aquaculture pond sediments. Findings of this study expand our current understanding of microbial driving sulfur cycling in aquaculture ecosystems and also provide novel insights for ecological and green aquaculture managements.
微生物硫酸盐还原和硫氧化是促进沉积物中有机物降解的重要过程。然而，在接受大量有机物的养殖池塘中，硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）和硫氧化菌（SOB）的多样性、组成及其环境驱动因素仍知之甚少。在本研究中，利用高通量测序和定量实时PCR（qPCR）分析了不同规格草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idellus）养殖池塘沉积物中的细菌群落、SRB和SOB。结果表明，大型幼鱼养殖池塘沉积物中的微生物群落显示出SRB和SOB的最高丰富度和丰度，可能进一步增强微生物硫循环。具体而言，SRB以脱硫球茎菌属和脱硫弧菌属为主，而SOB以脱氯单胞菌属和纤发菌属为主。尽管大型幼鱼池塘的硫化合物（即总硫、酸挥发性硫化物和元素硫）浓度比幼鱼池塘相对较低，但在大型幼鱼池塘中发现了更丰富的SRB和SOB。进一步的冗余分析（RDA）和线性回归表明，硫化合物和沉积物悬浮是影响养殖池塘沉积物中SRB和SOB丰度及群落结构的主要环境因素。本研究结果扩展了我们目前对水产养殖生态系统中微生物驱动硫循环的理解，也为生态和绿色水产养殖管理提供了新的见解。
