Ayza Muluken Altaye, Rajkapoor Balasubramanian, Wondafrash Dawit Zewdu, Berhe Abera Hadgu
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacology, JKK Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam 638 183, Tamilnadu, India.
J Exp Pharmacol. 2020 Aug 21;12:275-283. doi: 10.2147/JEP.S260731. eCollection 2020.
Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating antineoplastic agent and its major limitation is injury to normal tissue, leading to multiple organ toxicity, including kidney, heart, liver and reproductive toxicity. (Euphorbiaceae) has been used in Ethiopian traditional medicine to manage renal diseases.
The present study aims to assess the protective effect of the stem bark extract and solvent fractions of on cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
Nephrotoxicity was induced using cyclophosphamide 200 mg/kg i.p injection on the first day of the experiment. The negative control groups were administered with cyclophosphamide alone (200 mg/kg, i.p.). The crude extracts were administered at three dose levels (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg), while aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions were given at two dose levels (100 and 200 mg/kg). Excepting the normal control, all groups were subjected to cyclophosphamide toxicity on the first day.
Treatment with crude extract 100 mg/kg and ethyl acetate fraction significantly decreased kidney-to-body weight ratio (P < 0.001). In addition, treatment with crude extract and solvent fractions significantly decreased serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level (P < 0.001). Treatment with 100 and 200 mg/kg of ethyl acetate fraction significantly decreased serum creatinine level. Histopathological results confirmed the protective effect of the crude extract and solvent fractions of .
Croton macrostachyus possesses nephroprotective activities and it could be a possible source of treatment for cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity.
环磷酰胺是一种烷化剂类抗肿瘤药物，其主要局限性是对正常组织造成损伤，导致多器官毒性，包括肾脏、心脏、肝脏毒性及生殖毒性。（大戟科）已被用于埃塞俄比亚传统医学中治疗肾脏疾病。
本研究旨在评估巴豆茎皮提取物及其溶剂萃取物对环磷酰胺诱导的大鼠肾毒性的保护作用。
在实验第一天，通过腹腔注射200 mg/kg环磷酰胺诱导肾毒性。阴性对照组仅给予环磷酰胺（200 mg/kg，腹腔注射）。粗提取物以三个剂量水平（100、200和400 mg/kg）给药，而水相和乙酸乙酯萃取物以两个剂量水平（100和200 mg/kg）给药。除正常对照组外，所有组在第一天均接受环磷酰胺毒性处理。
100 mg/kg粗提取物和乙酸乙酯萃取物处理显著降低了肾重与体重比（P < 0.001）。此外，粗提取物和溶剂萃取物处理显著降低了血清尿素氮（BUN）水平（P < 0.001）。100和200 mg/kg乙酸乙酯萃取物处理显著降低了血清肌酐水平。组织病理学结果证实了粗提取物和溶剂萃取物的保护作用。
大戟科大戟属植物具有肾保护活性，可能是治疗环磷酰胺诱导的肾毒性的潜在药物来源。
