Obey Jackie K, von Wright Atte, Orjala Jimmy, Kauhanen Jussi, Tikkanen-Kaukanen Carina
Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Africa, Baraton, Eldoret 30100, Kenya.
Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
J Pathog. 2016;2016:1453428. doi: 10.1155/2016/1453428. Epub 2016 May 11.
In Kenya, leaves and roots from Croton macrostachyus are used as a traditional medicine for infectious diseases such as typhoid and measles, but reports on possible antimicrobial activity of stem bark do not exist. In this study, the antibacterial and antifungal effects of methanol, ethyl acetate and butanol extracts, and purified lupeol of C. macrostachyus stem bark were determined against important human gram-negative pathogens Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter aerogenes, gram-positive Listeria monocytogenes, and a fungus Candida albicans. The most promising broad scale antimicrobial activity against all the studied pathogens was shown by the ethyl acetate extract. The ethyl acetate extract induced the zone of inhibition between 10.1 ± 0.6 mm and 16.0 ± 1.2 mm against S. typhi, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. aerogenes, and L. monocytogenes with weaker antimicrobial activity against C. albicans (zone of inhibition: 5.6 ± 1.0 mm). The antibiotic controls (amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, clotrimazole, and cefotaxime) showed antimicrobial activity with zones of inhibition within 13.4 ± 0.7-22.1 ± 0.9 mm. The ethyl acetate extract had MIC in the range of 125-250 mg/mL against all the studied bacteria and against C. albicans MIC was 500 mg/mL. The present results give scientific evidence and support the traditional use of C. macrostachyus stem bark as a source for antimicrobials. We show that C. macrostachyus stem bark lupeol is a promising antimicrobial agent against several important human pathogens.
在肯尼亚，大戟科大戟属植物的叶子和根被用作治疗伤寒和麻疹等传染病的传统药物，但关于其茎皮可能具有的抗菌活性尚无报道。在本研究中，测定了大戟科大戟属植物茎皮的甲醇、乙酸乙酯和丁醇提取物以及纯化的羽扇豆醇对重要的人类革兰氏阴性病原体大肠杆菌、伤寒沙门氏菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和气杆菌属、革兰氏阳性单核细胞增生李斯特菌以及真菌白色念珠菌的抗菌和抗真菌作用。乙酸乙酯提取物对所有研究的病原体表现出最有前景的广泛抗菌活性。乙酸乙酯提取物对伤寒沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、气杆菌属和单核细胞增生李斯特菌的抑菌圈在10.1±0.6毫米至16.0±1.2毫米之间，对白色念珠菌的抗菌活性较弱（抑菌圈：5.6±1.0毫米）。抗生素对照品（阿莫西林、环丙沙星、氨苄青霉素、苄青霉素、克霉唑和头孢噻肟）的抑菌圈在13.4±0.7 - 22.1±0.9毫米范围内显示出抗菌活性。乙酸乙酯提取物对所有研究细菌的最低抑菌浓度在125 - 250毫克/毫升范围内，对白色念珠菌的最低抑菌浓度为500毫克/毫升。目前的结果提供了科学证据，并支持将大戟科大戟属植物茎皮作为抗菌剂来源的传统用途。我们表明，大戟科大戟属植物茎皮羽扇豆醇是一种针对几种重要人类病原体的有前景的抗菌剂。
