Chen Ling-Xiao, Lai Yun-Feng, Zhang Wei-Xiong, Cai Jing, Hu Hao, Wang Ying, Zhao Jing, Li Shao-Ping
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Zhuhai, Macao SAR China.
Center for Ecological and Environmental Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072 China.
Chin Med. 2020 Sep 7;15:97. doi: 10.1186/s13020-020-00377-z. eCollection 2020.
The essential oil is one of the main active ingredients of Lour. However, volatile compounds are easily lost during the drying, storage and even sample preparation procedure. Therefore, using fresh samples can obtain more accurately data for qualitative and comparative analysis.
In this study, the volatile compounds in different parts of fresh from different origins were systemic analyzed and compared by using cryogenic grinding combined HS-SPME-GC-MS for the first time. GC-MS analyses were performed on a 6890 Series GC instrument coupled to a 5973 N mass spectrometer. The volatile compounds were extracted by the SPME fiber (100 μm PDMS). Analytes separation was achieved on a HP-5MS capillary column. The oven temperature was initially programmed at 70 °C, then raised 4 °C/min to reach 125 °C and then programmed at 0.5 °C/min to 133 °C, then at 6 °C/min to 170 °C and finally, at 20 °C/min to 280 °C held for 2 min. The temperatures of the injection port, ion source and transfer line were set at 250 °C, 230 °C and 280 °C, respectively.
Forty-eight main compounds were identified in different parts of fresh . The most abundant components in fresh fruit samples were camphor (3.91%), bornyl acetate (10.53%), caryophyllene (8.70%), β-bisabolene (11.50%), (E)-nerolidol (14.82%) and cubenol (10.04%). This is quite different with that of dried samples analyzed in our previous work. As different parts of the same plant, many common components with biological activities were detected in fruit and other parts. In principle components analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), four parts of were divided into different groups clearly. Additionally, fruit and root samples also could be divided into two subgroups (HCA) in accordance with their regions.
The developed method was successfully used for qualitative and comparative analysis of volatile compounds in fresh samples. Additionally, using fresh samples can obtain much more information which is helpful for their performance in the fields of functional foods, agriculture and biomedical industry. Furthermore, our research is helpful for comprehensive utilization and quality control of .
精油是[植物名称]的主要活性成分之一。然而，挥发性化合物在干燥、储存甚至样品制备过程中很容易损失。因此，使用新鲜样品可以获得更准确的数据用于定性和比较分析。
在本研究中，首次采用低温研磨结合顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术，对来自不同产地的新鲜[植物名称]不同部位的挥发性化合物进行了系统分析和比较。气相色谱-质谱分析在一台6890系列气相色谱仪与一台5973 N质谱仪联用的仪器上进行。挥发性化合物通过100μm聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）固相微萃取纤维进行萃取。分析物在HP-5MS毛细管柱上进行分离。柱温初始程序设定为70℃，然后以4℃/min的速率升至125℃，接着以0.5℃/min的速率升至133℃，再以6℃/min的速率升至170℃，最后以20℃/min的速率升至280℃并保持2分钟。进样口、离子源和传输线的温度分别设定为250℃、230℃和280℃。
在新鲜[植物名称]的不同部位鉴定出48种主要化合物。新鲜果实样品中含量最丰富的成分是樟脑（3.91%）、乙酸龙脑酯（10.53%）、石竹烯（8.70%）、β-红没药烯（11.50%）、（E）-橙花叔醇（14.82%）和古巴醇（10.04%）。这与我们之前工作中分析的干燥样品有很大不同。作为同一植物的不同部位，在果实和其他部位检测到许多具有生物活性的共同成分。在主成分分析（PCA）和层次聚类分析（HCA）中，[植物名称]的四个部位被明显分为不同的组。此外，果实和根样品根据其产地也可分为两个亚组（HCA）。
所建立的方法成功用于新鲜[植物名称]样品中挥发性化合物的定性和比较分析。此外，使用新鲜样品可以获得更多信息，这有助于其在功能食品、农业和生物医学行业领域的应用。此外，我们的研究有助于[植物名称]的综合利用和质量控制。
