College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
Molecules. 2019 Apr 28;24(9):1663. doi: 10.3390/molecules24091663.
Fructus Amomi (FA) is usually regarded as the dried ripe fruit of Lour. (FAL) or Lour. var. T. L. Wu et Senjen (FALX.). However, FAL, which always has a much higher price because of its better quality, is often confused with FALX. in the market. As volatile oil is the main constituent of FA, a strategy combining gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chemometric approaches was applied to compare the chemical composition of FAL and FALX. The results showed that the oil yield of FAL was significantly higher than that of FALX. Total ion chromatography (TIC) showed that cis-nerolidol existed only in FALX. Bornyl acetate and camphor can be considered the most important volatile components in FAL and FALX., respectively. Moreover, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) successfully distinguished the chemical constituents of the volatile oils in FAL and FALX. Additionally, bornyl acetate, α-cadinol, linalool, β-myrcene, camphor, d-limonene, terpinolene and borneol were selected as the potential markers for discriminating FAL and FALX. by partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA). In conclusion, this present study has developed a scientific approach to separate FAL and FALX. based on volatile oils, by GC-MS combined with chemometric techniques.
砂仁（FA）通常被认为是 阳春砂（FAL）或 益智（FALX）的干燥成熟果实。然而，由于其质量更好，FAL 的价格通常要高得多，因此在市场上经常与 FALX 混淆。由于挥发油是 FA 的主要成分，因此采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）和化学计量学方法的策略来比较 FAL 和 FALX 的化学成分。结果表明，FAL 的出油率明显高于 FALX。总离子色谱（TIC）表明，顺式-橙花叔醇仅存在于 FALX 中。乙酸龙脑酯和樟脑可分别被认为是 FAL 和 FALX 中最重要的挥发性成分。此外，层次聚类分析（HCA）和主成分分析（PCA）成功地区分了 FAL 和 FALX 挥发油的化学成分。此外，乙酸龙脑酯、α-杜松醇、芳樟醇、β-月桂烯、樟脑、柠檬烯、松油烯和龙脑被选为区分 FAL 和 FALX 的潜在标志物。通过偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）。总之，本研究建立了一种基于气相色谱-质谱联用和化学计量学技术分离 FAL 和 FALX 的科学方法。
