Wang Ke, Zhao Huishan, Wang Wenting, Zhu Yingqian, Zhang Xuebao, Ma Jiajia, Tan Haotian, Zhang Yulian, Lin Chunhua
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Reproductive Medicine Centre, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China.
Transl Androl Urol. 2020 Aug;9(4):1550-1558. doi: 10.21037/tau-19-899.
Expression of prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3 OR ) in the blood has been reported to be significantly higher in prostate cancer (PCa) than in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). To confirm whether DD3 expression is significantly different between PCa and BPH tissues, DD3 expression was tested in the blood both preoperatively and postoperatively and in the paired tissues of PCa patients.
Expression levels of DD3 mRNA in the blood of patients who did not undergo surgery (PCa, n=102; BPH, n=53), those underwent surgery (preoperative, n=35; postoperative, n=35), and in PCa tissue specimens (tumor, n=41; adjacent normal, n=21) were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Sensitivity and specificity for DD3 in PCa patients were validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Our data suggest that expression level of DD3 in blood samples was significantly higher in PCa patients than in BPH patients (P=0.005). Expression of DD3 mRNA was also significantly elevated in PCa tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues (P=0.013). The increase in DD3 expression in PCa patients was further validated using a dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (n=549). Postoperative DD3 expression decreased following surgical intervention (P<0.001). Moreover, low DD3 expression was associated with improved overall survival (OS). Using gene set enrichment analysis, DD3 expression was correlated with specific PCa target genes including carcinogenesis-related and cancer proliferation-related genes.
This study demonstrated that expression of was upregulated in blood and PCa tumor tissues and was associated with prognosis. The oncogenic role of was further validated in the TCGA database, indicating that is a potential therapeutic target for PCa. Furthermore, this study suggests that expression could be considered as a prognostic biomarker for PCa.
据报道，前列腺癌抗原3（PCA3 OR）在血液中的表达在前列腺癌（PCa）患者中显著高于良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者。为了证实DD3在PCa和BPH组织中的表达是否存在显著差异，我们对PCa患者术前和术后的血液以及配对组织中的DD3表达进行了检测。
通过实时定量PCR测定未接受手术的患者（PCa，n = 102；BPH，n = 53）、接受手术的患者（术前，n = 35；术后，n = 35）血液以及PCa组织标本（肿瘤，n = 41；相邻正常组织，n = 21）中DD3 mRNA的表达水平。通过受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析验证DD3在PCa患者中的敏感性和特异性。
我们的数据表明，PCa患者血液样本中DD3的表达水平显著高于BPH患者（P = 0.005）。与相邻正常组织相比，PCa组织中DD3 mRNA的表达也显著升高（P = 0.013）。使用来自癌症基因组图谱（n = 549）的数据集进一步验证了PCa患者中DD3表达的增加。手术干预后，术后DD3表达下降（P < 0.001）。此外，低DD3表达与总体生存率（OS）的改善相关。使用基因集富集分析，DD3表达与特定的PCa靶基因相关，包括致癌相关基因和癌症增殖相关基因。
本研究表明，DD3在血液和PCa肿瘤组织中的表达上调，且与预后相关。DD3的致癌作用在TCGA数据库中得到进一步验证，表明DD3是PCa的潜在治疗靶点。此外，本研究表明，DD3表达可被视为PCa的预后生物标志物。
