Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran, Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis and Toxoplasmosis, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Dec;101:6-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.033. Epub 2020 Sep 15.
Leishmania RNA virus (LRV) is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus that circulates within many species of the Leishmania parasite. In this study, we aimed to investigate the presence of LRV2 circulating in Leishmania isolates in an old focus of ZCL located in northeastern of Iran.
Leishmania isolates were collected from 85 patients that confirmed to have cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) based on parasitological examination. To identify the Leishmania isolates, species-specific primer sets were applied for molecular identification. The presence of LRV2 was performed by RdRp-semi nested-PCR. The genetic diversity were calculated using MEGA and DnaSP. To assess haplotype diversity, 31 LRV2 strains in different regions were surveyed using analysis a 292-bp section of the RdRp sequences.
Out of 85 patients, 83 (97.6 %) were diagnosed with L. major and 2 (2.4 %) with L. tropica. LRV2 virus was detected in 59 (69.4%) of the CL cases. For the first time, LRV2 was reported in one L. tropica strain in Iran. The current LRV2 sequences indicated the highest similarities to an Old World LRV2. Moreover, 10 unique haplotypes were identified based on the analyzed sequences of the RdRp gene.
Our results indicated the highest occurrence of Leishmania/LRV2 co-circulation in this known ZCL focus from northeastern Iran. Phylogenetic analyses of LRV2 sequences confirmed that these isolates belong to the order of LRV2 from the Old World. This study offered an insight into LRV2 haplotype that the informative issue can be used for genetic research of LRV2 in other regions.
利什曼 RNA 病毒（LRV）是一种双链 RNA（dsRNA）病毒，在许多利什曼原虫种内循环。在这项研究中，我们旨在调查在位于伊朗东北部的一个旧的 ZCL 焦点中循环的 LRV2 在利什曼虫株中的存在。
从 85 例经寄生虫学检查证实患有皮肤利什曼病（CL）的患者中收集利什曼虫株。为了鉴定利什曼虫株，应用种特异性引物对进行分子鉴定。通过 RdRp-半巢式 PCR 检测 LRV2 的存在。使用 MEGA 和 DnaSP 计算遗传多样性。为了评估单倍型多样性，使用分析 RdRp 序列的 292-bp 节调查了不同地区的 31 株 LRV2 菌株。
在 85 例患者中，83 例（97.6%）诊断为 L. major，2 例（2.4%）诊断为 L. tropica。在 59 例 CL 病例（69.4%）中检测到 LRV2 病毒。LRV2 首次在伊朗的一株 L. tropica 中报告。目前的 LRV2 序列与旧世界的 LRV2 具有最高的相似性。此外，根据 RdRp 基因分析序列鉴定出 10 个独特的单倍型。
我们的结果表明，在来自伊朗东北部的这个已知 ZCL 焦点中，利什曼虫/ LRV2 的共同循环发生率最高。LRV2 序列的系统发育分析证实，这些分离株属于 LRV2 的旧世界目。本研究深入了解了 LRV2 单倍型，这些信息问题可用于 LRV2 在其他地区的遗传研究。
