AMaROC (Animal Cancers, Models for Research in Comparative Oncology), Oniris, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.
Université de Nantes, Inserm, CRCINA, Nantes, France.
Vet Comp Oncol. 2021 Mar;19(1):140-151. doi: 10.1111/vco.12655. Epub 2020 Sep 28.
Numerous studies have described the prognostic factors of canine and feline mammary carcinomas (MCs), that is, variables that predict patient survival after diagnosis. But how does survival estimation evolve in patients that escaped early death from their cancer? In human oncology, conditional survival (CS), the probability of surviving X further years when cancer patients have already survived Y years, is used to analyse cancer outcomes in a long-term perspective. In this cohort of 344 dogs and 342 cats with surgically removed stage I to III invasive MCs, with a minimal follow-up of 2 years, we calculated the 1-year CS, that is, the probability for patients that have survived 1 year, to survive or to die from cancer during the subsequent year. The 1-year conditional specific survival probabilities were 59% and 48% at diagnosis of invasive MC respectively in dogs and cats, and 80% and 52% in 1-year surviving dogs and cats respectively, suggesting that 1-year surviving dogs were relatively protected from cancer-related death, whereas feline MCs remained life-threatening cancers for longer periods of time. Among the most significant parameters associated with CS in surviving dogs and cats were the nodal stage and lymphovascular invasion, as well as patient age, cancer stage and margin status in surviving dogs. By comparison, tumour size and the histological grade did not significantly alter CS probabilities in surviving dogs and cats. Conditional survival may be considered a very interesting tool for veterinary practitioners to estimate the likely outcome of cancer survivors.
大量研究已经描述了犬和猫乳腺肿瘤（MC）的预后因素，即预测患者诊断后生存的变量。但是，那些从癌症早期死亡中幸存下来的患者的生存估计如何变化呢？在人类肿瘤学中，条件生存（CS）是指癌症患者已经存活了 Y 年后，再存活 X 年的概率，用于从长期角度分析癌症结局。在本研究中，对 344 只接受手术切除 I 期至 III 期浸润性 MC 的犬和 342 只猫进行了分析，这些动物的随访时间至少为 2 年，我们计算了 1 年 CS，即已经存活 1 年的患者在随后的 1 年内因癌症存活或死亡的概率。在诊断为浸润性 MC 时，犬和猫的 1 年条件特异性生存率分别为 59%和 48%，1 年存活的犬和猫分别为 80%和 52%，这表明 1 年存活的犬相对免受癌症相关死亡的威胁，而猫的 MC 在更长的时间内仍然是危及生命的癌症。在存活的犬和猫中，与 CS 最显著相关的参数是淋巴结分期和脉管侵犯，以及患者年龄、癌症分期和边缘状态在存活的犬中。相比之下，肿瘤大小和组织学分级并没有显著改变存活的犬和猫的 CS 概率。条件生存可能被认为是兽医从业者估计癌症幸存者可能结局的一个非常有趣的工具。
