Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, ul. Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland.
Department of Cardiology Intensive Care Therapy and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 17;17(18):6779. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186779.
We aimed to compare the change in exercise response to taekwondo-specific circuit workouts before and after competition rule amendments. A total of 240 workouts in 15 elite athletes were analyzed over two years. Physiological and kinematic data were gathered with the wireless Bioharness system along with capillary blood samples for lactate concentration. Progressive exercise tests until exhaustion were periodically performed to obtain reference data. The rule changes resulted in significant increases (mainly medium or large effects) in the physiological (2.9-14.4%) and kinematic (4.8-10.1%) response to taekwondo-specific workouts. The largest increases were for peak breathing rate (12.0%), energy expenditure (6.6%), blood lactate immediately after exercise (10.2%) and at the 30th min of recovery (14.4%), and peak kinematic activity (10.1%). Significant differences between taekwondo-specific workouts and tournament combats persisted after the shift from old to new rules, ranging from 2.4 to 38.5% for physiological and from 2.9 to 15.5% for kinematic variables. The largest workout-combat differences were revealed for post-exercise (15.9%) and recovery (38.5%) blood lactate, peak (-15.8%) and relative (-15.0%) breathing rate, and mechanical (13.5%) and physiological (14.2%) intensity. Our study suggests that the rule amendments significantly modify the exercise response to discipline-specific workouts and that taekwondo-specific training sessions do not fully recreate the tournament demands in terms of physiological and kinematic load.
我们旨在比较竞赛规则修改前后跆拳道专项电路训练中运动反应的变化。在两年的时间里，对 15 名精英运动员的 240 次训练进行了分析。使用无线 Bioharness 系统收集生理和运动学数据以及毛细血管血样以测量乳酸浓度。定期进行递增运动测试直至力竭，以获得参考数据。规则的改变导致跆拳道专项训练中生理（2.9-14.4%）和运动学（4.8-10.1%）反应的显著增加（主要是中等或较大效应）。最大的增加是峰值呼吸率（12.0%）、能量消耗（6.6%）、运动后即刻的血乳酸（10.2%）和恢复 30 分钟时的血乳酸（14.4%）以及峰值运动学活动（10.1%）。从旧规则到新规则的转变后，跆拳道专项训练和比赛之间仍然存在显著差异，生理变量的范围为 2.4%至 38.5%，运动学变量的范围为 2.9%至 15.5%。运动与比赛之间最大的差异体现在运动后（15.9%）和恢复期间（38.5%）的血乳酸、峰值（-15.8%）和相对（-15.0%）呼吸率以及机械（13.5%）和生理（14.2%）强度。我们的研究表明，规则的修改显著改变了专项训练中运动反应，跆拳道专项训练并不能完全复制比赛中在生理和运动学负荷方面的要求。
