Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Global Obesity Centre, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020 Sep 21;17(1):117. doi: 10.1186/s12966-020-01009-3.
There is increasing concern about the time people spend in sedentary behaviour, including screen time, leisure and occupational sitting. The number of both primary research studies (published trials) and reviews has been growing rapidly in this research area. A summary of the highest level of evidence that provides a broader quantitative synthesis of diverse types of interventions is needed. This research is to articulate the evidence of efficacy of sedentary behaviour interventions to inform interventions to reduce sitting time. The umbrella review, therefore, synthesised systematic reviews that conducted meta-analyses of interventions aiming at reducing sedentary behaviour outcomes across all age group and settings.
A systematic search was conducted on six databases (MEDLINE Complete, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Global Health via EBSCOhost platform, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Systematic Reviews). Included articles were systematic reviews with meta-analysis of interventions aiming at reducing sedentary behaviour (screen time, sitting time or sedentary time) in the general population across all age group.
Seventeen reviews met the inclusion criteria (7 in children and adolescent, 10 in adults). All reviews of sedentary behaviour interventions in children and adolescents investigated intervention effectiveness in reducing screen time. Six out of 11 meta-analyses (reported in 7 reviews) showed small but significant changes in viewing time. All reviews of sedentary behaviour interventions in office workplaces indicated substantial reduction in occupational sitting time (range: 39.6 to 100 min per 8-h workday). Sub-group analyses reported a trend favouring environmental change components such as sit-stand desks, active permissive workstations etc. Meta-analyses indicated that sedentary behaviour interventions were superior to physical activity alone interventions or combined physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions in reducing sitting time.
The current systematic reviews and meta-analyses supported sedentary behaviour interventions for reducing occupational sitting time in particular, with small changes seen in screen time in children and adolescents. Future research should explore approaches to maintaining behaviour change beyond the intervention period and investigate the potential of sedentary behaviour reduction interventions in older age groups in non-occupational settings.
人们对久坐行为（包括屏幕时间、休闲和职业坐姿）的时间越来越关注。在这个研究领域，初级研究（已发表的试验）和综述的数量都在迅速增加。需要对提供更广泛的不同类型干预措施的定量综合的最高证据进行总结。这项研究旨在阐明久坐行为干预措施的有效性证据，为减少坐姿时间的干预措施提供信息。因此，这篇综述综合了旨在减少所有年龄段和环境下久坐行为结果的干预措施的系统评价。
在六个数据库（MEDLINE Complete、PsycINFO、CINAHL、EBSCOhost 平台上的全球健康、EMBASE 和 Cochrane 系统评价中心注册库）上进行了系统搜索。纳入的文章是针对一般人群（所有年龄段）减少久坐行为（屏幕时间、坐姿时间或久坐时间）的干预措施进行系统评价和荟萃分析的文章。
有 17 篇综述符合纳入标准（7 篇针对儿童和青少年，10 篇针对成年人）。所有针对儿童和青少年久坐行为干预的综述都调查了干预措施在减少屏幕时间方面的有效性。11 项荟萃分析中的 6 项（在 7 篇综述中报告）显示观看时间有较小但显著的变化。所有针对办公场所久坐行为干预的综述都表明，职业坐姿时间有大幅减少（范围：每个 8 小时工作日减少 39.6 至 100 分钟）。亚组分析报告了有利于环境变化组件的趋势，例如坐站式办公桌、主动许可工作站等。荟萃分析表明，与单独进行体育活动的干预措施或结合体育活动和久坐行为的干预措施相比，久坐行为干预措施更能减少坐姿时间。
目前的系统评价和荟萃分析支持针对减少职业坐姿时间的久坐行为干预措施，尤其是在儿童和青少年中，观察到屏幕时间有较小的变化。未来的研究应探索在干预期之外维持行为改变的方法，并研究减少久坐行为干预措施在非职业环境中对老年人群的潜在作用。
