Śliwa-Cebula Marta, Kaszycki Paweł, Kaczmarczyk Adriana, Nosek Michał, Lis-Krzyścin Agnieszka, Miszalski Zbigniew
Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, Poland.
The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Sep 18;9(9):1230. doi: 10.3390/plants9091230.
The common ice plant ( L.) is a widely studied model due to its tolerance to numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, carried out in model pots, the plants were treated with variant doses of Cd(II) and Cr(VI) and proved resistant to extreme levels of these heavy metals. Initial toxicity symptoms were observed upon final concentrations of 818 mg Cd kg soil d.w., and 1699 mg Cr kg applied as potassium chromate. Biometric analyses revealed that none of the Cr(VI) doses affected dry weight of the plant organs thus maintaining the shoot-to-root ratio. The Cd and Cr hypertolerance strategies were divergent and resulted in different accumulation patterns. For the case of Cd(II), an excluder-like mechanism was developed to prevent the plant from toxicity. For chromate, high accumulation potential together with Cr(VI) root-to-shoot translocation at sublethal concentrations was revealed (up to 6152 mg Cr kg shoot at 4248 mg Cr kg soil). It is concluded that reveals considerable phytoremediation capabilities due to unique growth potential in contaminated substrates and is suitable for bioreclamation of degraded soils. The plant is especially applicable for efficient phytoextraction of chromate-contamination, whereas for Cd-affected areas it may have a phytostabilizing effect.
海滨锦葵（L.）因其对多种生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性而成为广泛研究的模式植物。在本研究中，在模型花盆中进行实验，用不同剂量的Cd(II)和Cr(VI)处理植物，结果证明其对这些重金属的极端水平具有抗性。当土壤干重中Cd的最终浓度达到818 mg/kg，以及以铬酸钾形式施加的Cr浓度达到1699 mg/kg时，观察到了初始毒性症状。生物特征分析表明，所有Cr(VI)剂量均未影响植物器官的干重，从而保持了茎叶比。Cd和Cr的超耐受性策略不同，导致了不同的积累模式。对于Cd(II)，植物形成了类似排斥者的机制来防止自身中毒。对于铬酸盐，研究发现其具有高积累潜力，并且在亚致死浓度下Cr(VI)会从根部向地上部转运（在土壤中Cr浓度为4248 mg/kg时，地上部Cr浓度高达6152 mg/kg）。研究得出结论，海滨锦葵由于在受污染基质中具有独特的生长潜力，显示出相当大的植物修复能力，适用于退化土壤的生物修复。该植物特别适用于高效植物提取铬酸盐污染，而对于受Cd污染的地区，它可能具有植物稳定作用。
