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Respiratory Symptoms due to Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde and MDF Dust in a MDF Furniture Factory in Eastern Thailand.泰国东部一家中密度纤维板家具厂因职业接触甲醛和中密度纤维板粉尘导致的呼吸道症状
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Recent progress in cellulose nanocrystals: sources and production.纤维素纳米晶的研究进展:来源与制备。
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来自纤维素纳米纤维板的职业相关颗粒物的急性肺毒性评估

Acute pulmonary toxicity assessment of occupationally relevant particulate matter from a cellulose nanofiber board.

作者信息

Parizek Nathanial J, Steines Benjamin R, Haque Ezazul, Altmaier Ralph, Adamcakova-Dodd Andrea, O'Shaughnessy Patrick T, Thorne Peter S

机构信息

Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246.

Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246.

出版信息

NanoImpact. 2020 Jan;17. doi: 10.1016/j.impact.2020.100210. Epub 2020 Feb 8.

DOI:10.1016/j.impact.2020.100210
PMID:32968699
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7504912/
Abstract

Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are an emerging engineered nanomaterial that are utilized in a variety of applications, including as a replacement for urea-formaldehyde, and other adhesives, as the binding agent in manufactured fiber and particle boards. To ensure the health and well-being of those producing, installing, or otherwise using cellulose nanofiber boards (CNFBs) it is imperative that the particulate matter (PM) produced during CNFB manipulation be evaluated for toxicity. We developed and internally verified a generation system to examine the PM produced by sanding CNFB using aluminum oxide sandpaper. With 80-grit sandpaper our system produced a low dispersity aerosol, as determined by a scanning mobility particle sizer and an optical particle counter, with a geometric mean of 28 nm (GSD = 1.60). ICP-MS evaluation showed little difference in metal concentrations between CNFB PM and nonsanded CNFB stock. We then used the system to simultaneously generate and expose both male and female C57BL/6J mice acutely for 4 hours at a concentration of 7.9 mg/m. Sham-exposed controls were treated similarly but without sanding the CNFB. Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid biomarkers showed no signs of inflammatory response at either 4- or 24-hours post exposure. Further, BAL cell viability, number of total cells, and pulmonary cellular recruitment were not significantly changed between the sham-exposed controls and CNFB-exposed mice. Histology further confirmed no pulmonary toxicity as a result of CNFB PM inhalation. We conclude that inhalation of a high concentration of the PM from manipulation of a CNFB did not produce acute toxic responses within 24 hours of exposure.

摘要

纤维素纳米纤维(CNFs)是一种新兴的工程纳米材料,被用于多种应用中,包括替代脲醛和其他粘合剂,作为人造纤维板和刨花板中的粘合剂。为确保生产、安装或以其他方式使用纤维素纳米纤维板(CNFBs)的人员的健康和福祉,必须评估CNFB操作过程中产生的颗粒物(PM)的毒性。我们开发并内部验证了一种生成系统,用于检查使用氧化铝砂纸打磨CNFB时产生的PM。使用80目砂纸时,我们的系统产生了低分散性气溶胶,通过扫描迁移率粒径分析仪和光学粒子计数器测定,几何平均粒径为28nm(几何标准差=1.60)。电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)评估显示,CNFB PM和未打磨的CNFB原料之间的金属浓度差异不大。然后,我们使用该系统以7.9mg/m的浓度同时对雄性和雌性C57BL/6J小鼠进行急性暴露4小时。假暴露对照组的处理方式类似,但不打磨CNFB。支气管肺泡灌洗(BAL)液生物标志物分析显示,暴露后4小时或24小时均无炎症反应迹象。此外,假暴露对照组和CNFB暴露小鼠之间的BAL细胞活力、总细胞数和肺细胞募集均无显著变化。组织学进一步证实,吸入CNFB PM不会导致肺部毒性。我们得出结论,吸入高浓度的CNFB操作产生的PM在暴露后24小时内不会产生急性毒性反应。